The interplay between genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis |
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| Authors: | Atsushi Otsuka Takashi Nomura Pawinee Rerknimitr Judith A Seidel Tetsuya Honda Kenji Kabashima |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan;2. Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand |
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| Abstract: | Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disorder characterized by pruritus and recurrent eczematous lesions that are accompanied by T-helper (Th)2-dominated inflammation. AD Etiology is not yet completely understood, but it is multifactorial. Moreover, the disease is characterized by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors, such as skin barrier dysfunctions, allergy/immunity, and pruritus. For example, filaggrin is a key protein involved in skin barrier function. Th2 cells produce interleukin (IL)-31, which provokes pruritus, and other Th2 cytokines decrease filaggrin expression by keratinocytes. Dupilumab has recently been developed for AD treatment; its mechanism of action is to bind to IL-4 receptor α and inhibit downstream signaling induced by IL-4 and IL-13. This review summarizes the etiopathogenesis of AD and provides the rationale for selecting a novel targeted therapy. |
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| Keywords: | allergy inflammation skin |
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