出院病人医院感染情况3年调查

①目的 了解本院医院感染的发生与分布，分析发生医院感染的相关因素，制定预防控制医院感染的措施，降低医院感染发生率。②方法 对我院2000年7月～2002年6月全院出院病人52987例进行回顾性调查。③结果 本次调查共发生医院感染病例2429例，感染率为4．58％，例次感染率5．42％。科室医院感染率以肾内科、血液内科最高。医院感染的部位以呼吸系统为主。医院感染发生与侵袭性操作密切相关。在疾病分类中，以恶性肿瘤、泌尿生殖系统疾病为最多。致病菌以白色念珠菌、铜绿假单孢菌居前。在1189例死亡病人中，127例直接或间接与医院感染有关。④结论 医院感染与原发病、侵袭性操作、抗感染药物应用等密切相关。

NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION:AN ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS DISCHARGED IN THREE YEARS

Objective To investigate the occurrence and distribution of nosocomial infection, to analyze the related factors and make measures so as to decrease the incidence of the infection. Methods A total of 52 987 cases, discharged from July, 2000 to June,2002, were reviewed retrospectively. Results Nosocomial infection was found in 2 429 cases. The incidence was 4.58%. More cases occurred in the departments of nephrology and hematology. The respiratory tract was mostly involved. The infection was found to be related to major operations. It was commonly seen in malignancy and urinogenital diseases. The majority was caused by C. albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion The occurrence of nosocomial infection was correlated with the primary diseases, major operations and application of antibiotics.