选择性腰骶段脊神经后根切断术治疗痉挛型脑瘫术后并发症的分析及处理

目的探究选择性腰骶段脊神经后根切断术（SPR）治疗痉挛型脑瘫术后并发症的原因与防治办法。方法对82例痉挛型脑瘫患儿行选择性腰骶段脊神经后根切断术后进行密切观察，针对术后并发症仔细分析及处理。结果在术后近期并发症中主要有高热、癫痫发作、腹胀痛、尿潴留、感觉功能障碍、下肢乏力、肌张力过低、粘连性蛛网膜炎及脑脊液漏。远期并发症为肌张力过高、脊柱不稳等。结论SPR术后近期并发症中多为暂时性的，经正确处理多在术后2周内自愈，而远期并发症则影响治疗效果，必须采取积极有效的预防措施，才能减少和避免严重的术后并发症的发生。

Treatment of postoperative complications of spastic cerebral palsy with selective posterior rhizotomy

Objective To study the causes and effective preventative measures of postoperative complications of spastic cerebral palsy with selective posterior rhizotomy(SPR).Methods Eighty-two patients who had undergone SPR were followed-up and the complications were classified.Results Early complications of SPR included high fever,epilepticus,gastric distention,uroschesis,sensory disturbance,lower limb weak,dystonia,subarachnoid inflammation and leak of cerebrospinal rhinorrhea.Late complications included spinal deformity,muscle spasm.Conclusion Early complications are temporary and will recover in two weeks.Late complications affect operative results.Effective preventative measures should be taken to avoid serious postoperative complications.