农村籍大学新生心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

目的：了解农村籍大学新生的心理健康状况和影响因素,为提高农村籍大学新生心理健康水平提供参考。方法：采用症状自评量表对541名农村籍大学新生进行测试,并辅助使用访谈法。结果：农村籍大学新生心理卫生问题的SCL-90总检出率为34.93%,检出率较高的因子是强迫（45.66%）和人际敏感（34.38%）;农村籍大学新生SCL-90总得分和各因子分均显著高于全国常模;女生的强迫（P〈0.05）、抑郁（P〈0.01）、焦虑（P〈0.05）和恐怖（P〈0.01）因子得分及总分（P〈0.05）显著高于男生。结论：农村籍大学新生心理健康水平总体普遍偏低,存在较多心理健康问题,学习困难、人际关系压力、适应障碍和性格特点可能是影响他们心理健康水平的主要原因。

Psychological health status and influence factors of rural freshmen

Objective To explore the mental health state of rural freshmen and the influence factors,to provide scientific basis for the mental health education of rural freshmen.Methods Five hundred and forty-one rural freshmen were tested with symptom check list-90 and interviews.Results The detective rate of mental health level of rural freshmen was 34.93%,the factors with the higher detective rate were compulsion（45.66%）and interpersonal sensitivity（34.38%）;The total scores and all factor scores of rural freshmen were significantly higher than those of Chinese norms.Female＇s compulsion（P〈0.05）,depression（P〈0.01）,anxiety（P〈0.05）,fear factor（P〈0.01）scores and the total score were significantly higher than male.Conclusions The psychological health level of rural freshman was worse and more psychological problems existed in them.Difficulties in learning,interpersonal relationship pressure,adjustment disorder and personality traits may be main reasons affecting their mental health level.