福建省HIV-1流行毒株基因分型与流行特征分析

目的了解HIV-I流行株在福建省感染人群中的基因亚型分布及流行特征。方法随机抽取福建省2003-2005年发现的70例HIV感染者血样，提取前病毒DNA进行体外扩增，获得核心蛋白（gag）、包膜蛋白（env）及pol区基因的核酸片段，并对各基因区核苷酸序列进行测定和序列分析。结果选取46份流行病学资料以及不同基因区域序列资料完整的样本进入亚型分析，结果显示目标人群中存在B、C2种亚型以及CRF07-BC、CRF08-BC、CRF01-AE3种流行重组型，以及国内未见报道的B／F重组毒株、A1／D重组毒株等，其中以CRF01-AE重组毒株为主，占69．56％。基因亚型的流行特征分析显示，本省感染的HIV患者中以CRF01-AE重组型占多数，可能的新型重组型全部分布于境外感染者中；在性接触传播的感染者（71．74％）中呈现多种亚型分布的特征；随着时间变化福建省HIV感染者的亚型分布发生变化。结论福建省HIV-I亚型分布众多，各亚型在不同感染地分布不平衡，性乱人群中的亚型分布较为复杂，从总的亚型流行特征来看，HIV-1在我省有流行加快的趋势。

Genetic subtype and epidemiological feature of HIV-1 circulating strains in Fujian province

In order to evaluate the distribution of genetic subtypes of HIV-1 in Fujian province, blood samples and epidemiological data were collected from 70 patients infected with HIV-1 during 2003-2005. Viral sequences (n= 46) of HIV-1 gag, env, and pol segments were amplified by nested PCR. Two subtypes (B and C) and three Circulating Recombinant Forms, (CRF07-BC, CRF08-BC and CRF01-AE) were found in 46 samples, most were CRF01-AE (69.56%,n=32). B/F, A1/D and other recombinant strains reported first in China, were found in 5 patients (10.87%). There were significant differences in geographic distribution between CRF01-AE and other subtypes. CRF01-AE was the most prevalent strains found in patients infected locally, while the new subtypes were all found in patients infected abroad. The heterogeneity of genetic subtypes coordinated with the epidemiological data, which demonstrated that a significant proportion of infections were imported from abroad. This suggested that the distribution of subtypes is changing with time of the epidemic. This study also showed a complicated distribution of subtypes among infections through heterosexual contact, suggesting the epidemic potential of HIV infection in this province may speed up.