先天性外中耳畸形合并内耳畸形的HRCT表现

目的:总结先天性外中耳畸形合并内耳畸形的高分辨CT(HRCT)表现。方法:6例6耳先天性外中耳畸形同时合并内耳畸形,5例行横断面及冠状面HRCT扫描,1例仅行横断面扫描。分析先天性外中耳畸形合并内耳畸形的HRCT表现特点。结果:6耳不同程度的外中耳畸形合并的内耳畸形有:①外半规管畸形(6耳):外半规管短小或短粗;②前庭扩大(3耳):前庭增宽,左右径大于4mm;③前庭窗封闭(3耳):HRCT冠状面显示前庭窗结构消失;④内听道异常(2耳):内听道狭窄,可合并走行异常;⑤前庭导水管扩大(1耳):前庭导水管呈三角形扩大并与总脚相通。结论:部分先天性外中耳畸形可同时合并内耳畸形,HRCT检查时应重视发现这种复杂畸形。

High-resolution CT Findings of the Inner ear Malformations with Congenital Dysplasias of the External and Middle Ear

Objective:To summarize the HRCT findings of the inner ear malformations in patients with congenital dysplasias of the external and middle ear.Methods:Six ears in six patients were found to have external,middle and inner ear congenital abnormalities.They all accepted HRCT examination.The HRCT findings of the inner ear malformations asso- ciated with congenital external and middle ear dysplasias were described.Results:There were complicated inner ear malformations in the six ears,including lateral semicircular canal hypoplasia (6 ears),wide vestibule (3 ears),the oval window obliteration (3 ears),the internal auditory canal dysplasia (2 ears),and large vestibular aqueduct (1 ears).Conclusion:Some patients with congenital external and middle ear abnormalities may also have inner ear malformations,and these complicated dysplasias should be paid attention to in HRCT examination.