足月胎儿腹腔脏器及壁腹膜分裂线

采用锥刺涂墨法,观察22例足月死胎。结果表明:腹膜分裂线不仅存在,而且相对恒定。通常,壁腹膜分裂线主要呈横行环绕腹壁走行,但在腹下区却呈纵行或扇形走向。内脏分裂线较为复杂,有斜行,弧行或环行走向。某些脏器存在不同走向的分裂线混杂区。腹膜分裂线由腹膜下结缔组织中按张力方向平行排列的胶原纤维束所形成。认为:张力方向和腹膜下血管的走向会影响分裂线的方向,而腹膜下肌纤维排列方向在一定程度上会影响分裂线的方向,但不起决定作用。

CLEAVAGE LINES OF PERITONEUM OF THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA AND WALL IN FULL-TERM FETUSES

Cleavage Lines of peritoneum in 22 full-term fetuses were investigated by piercing with a conical instrument and smearing with Chinese ink. They were found throughout the peritoneal cavity and arranged relatively consistant patterns. In general, the lines encircling the internal abdominal wall run in horizontal plane, but they presented a longitudinal or a fan-shaped patterns in hypogastric region. There were oblique, arched or circular cleavage lines of viscera. On the surface of some viscera there were mixed areas of the lines running in different direction. Cleavge lines of the peritoneum were actually formed by the collagenous fibrous bundles in the subperitoneal connective tissue, which were parallel to the lines of tension. The direction of the lines may be influenced with the direction of the tension and subperitoneal vessels.Although the arrangement of the muscle fibers beneath the peritoneum may also exert an influence upon the direction of the lines to a certain extent, it was not a decisive factor.