听力残疾人康复需求与康复服务发展状况Logistic回归分析研究

目的研究听力残疾人的康复需求特点和康复服务发展状况。方法使用2019年219473名省级听力残疾人实名制数据作为研究总样本,多重响应分析康复需求特点和康复服务发展状况,Logistic回归分析相关影响因素。结果共47657名听力残疾人报告康复需求(21.7%),从高至低分别为辅助器具65.5%、药物22.7%,护理19.1%,功能训练16.2%和手术2.2%。共34684名听力残疾人报告接受康复服务(15.8%),从高至低分别为辅助器具59.8%、药物22.5%、功能训练19.7%,护理19.4%和手术1.8%。Logistic回归模型显示,年龄、户口性质和残疾等级对听力残疾人报告康复需求和获得康复服务有显著影响(P<0.001)。结论听力残疾人康复需求主要集中于听力辅助器具、药物和康复训练。获得的相关服务与康复需求结构上匹配度高。运用现代科技,发展听力残疾相关的康复服务,以进一步提高听力残疾人的康复服务的可及性和服务质量。

Unmet Needs and Services Development of Rehabilitation for People with Hearing Disability Using Logistic Regression Analysis

Objective To explore the characteristics of unmet needs and services of rehabilitation for people with hearing disability (PHD).Methods A total of 219 473 PHDs administration data of unmet needs and services of rehabilitation at provincial level were sampled (2019) and analyzed the characteristics of needs and services of rehabilitation with multiple response analysis, and the related factors of needs and services with Logistic regression.Results There were 47 657 (21.7%) PHDs reported their unmet needs of rehabilitation, from high to low were assistive devices (65.5%), medicine (22.7%), nursing care (19.1%), functional training (16.2%) and surgery (2.2%). There were 34 684 (18.8%) PHDs reported their received services, from high to low were assistive devices (59.8%), medicine (22.5%), functional training (19.7%), nursing care (19.4%) and surgery (1.8%). The logistic regression model showed that age, types of household registration and severities of disabilities related with the reported unmet needs and received services (P < 0.001). Conclusion PHDs mainly reported unmet needs in the fields of assistive devices, medicine, and rehabilitation training. The reported unmet needs for PHDs had matched the received services structurally. It proposed to use modern science and technology to develop services delivery and to improve accessibility and quality of rehabilitation services.