儿童脊髓损伤致伤原因变化特点

目的 探讨儿童脊髓损伤致伤原因变化特点与预防策略。方法 对2015年1月1日至2019年12月31日本院收治的14岁以下脊髓损伤患儿进行致伤原因和人口学特点的回顾性分析。结果 脊髓损伤患儿共221例,其中男童62例,女童159例;在1~13岁各年龄段均有分布,中位数6岁;4~7岁患儿最多(55.7%),以女童为主(83.7%)。儿童脊髓损伤的前5位致伤原因分别是体育运动损伤78例(35.3%)、非外伤性损伤56例(25.3%)、其他外伤48例(21.7%)、交通事故24例(10.9%)和高处坠落12例(5.4%)。在体育运动损伤病例中,下腰动作导致的脊髓损伤75例(96.2%),主要发生在5~7岁(80.0%),均为无骨折脱位型胸脊髓损伤,其中完全性脊髓损伤53例(70.7%)。结论 近年来儿童因练习舞蹈下腰动作导致的脊髓损伤增多,应重视下腰训练前的专业评估和风险教育,积极采取防范措施。

Etiological Features of Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury

Objective To explore the etiological features and prevention strategies for pediatric spinal cord injury(SCI).Methods A retrospective study of etiology and demographics features was performed and all the children with SCI(less than 14 years old)were identified in our hospital from January 1st,2015 to December 31st,2019.Results A total of 221 children with SCI were reviewed,with 62 boys and 159 girls.The age ranged from one to 13 years with the median age of six years old.Children aged four to seven years accounted most(55.7%),and were mainly girls(83.7%).Sports and leisure activities(78 cases,35.3%),non-traumatic causes(56 cases,25.3%),other traumatic causes(48 cases,21.7%),transport activities(24 cases,10.9%)and falling from height(12 cases,5.4%)were the top five leading causes of pediatric SCI.Among the cases caused by sports and leisure activities,96.2%(75/78)were related to back bend in dancing exercise,in which most were five to seven years old(80.0%),and all of them were thoracic cord injury without radiologic abnormality,in which 70.7%(53/75)suffered from complete SCI.Conclusion Pediatric SCI after back bend in dancing exercise is increasing rapidly in recent years.More attention should be paid on education about professional evaluation and the risk of back bend before dancing exercise,and more protective measures should be implemented.