年龄相关功能性听力下降对记忆功能的影响

目的 研究年龄相关功能性听力损失对记忆功能的影响。 方法 2018年1月至10月,耳鼻喉科门诊中老年患者30例(年龄52~76岁),根据测听结果,噪声下言语识别能力好的(SIN < -2.63 dB)入L组( n = 15),识别能力差的(SIN > -2.63 dB)入H组( n = 15)。采用剑桥神经心理学成套测试(CANTAB)中4、6、8个模型负荷的配对联结学习(PAL)和空间工作记忆(SWM)进行评定。 结果 两组PAL和SWM错误数均随负荷上升而显著上升(χ²> 28.182,P < 0.001)。不同负荷下,L组PAL错误数均低于H组( U < 53.5, P < 0.05);6个模型负荷下,L组SWM错误数低于H组( U = 55.0, P < 0.05)。听力与负荷交互效应不显著( F < 1.680, P > 0.05)。 结论 年龄相关功能性听力下降对情景记忆的影响较工作记忆更多,与记忆负荷无关。

Influence of Age-related Functional Hearing Loss on Memory

Objective To study the influence of age-related functional hearing loss on memory ability. Methods From January to October, 2018, 30 patients aged 52 to 76 years visiting otolaryngology were screened hearing using a computer aided platform, and then were divided into two groups according to the results. Those with good speech recognition in noise (SIN < -2.63 dB) were in L group ( n = 15) and those with poor speech recognition in noise (SIN > -2.63 db) were in H group ( n = 15). They were assessed with Paired Associates Learning (PAL) and Spatial Working Memory (SWM) of Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery in loading of four, six and eight models. Results The amount of errors of both PAL and SWM increased with the loading in both groups (χ²> 28.182,P < 0.001). The amount of errors of PAL was less in L group than in H group under any loading ( U < 53.5, P < 0.05), while the amount of errors of SWM only less under loading of six models ( U = 55.0, P < 0.05). There was no significant interaction between hearing and loading ( F < 1.680, P > 0.05). Conclusion Age-related functional hearing loss tend to impair episodic memory rather than working memory, whatever the impacts of memory load.