扁平足楼梯行走的下肢表面肌电特性

目的 探究楼梯行走时扁平足下肢肌肉在运动控制中的表现。方法 2019年3月至6月,招募男性受试者20例,其中正常足10例,扁平足10例(均为左脚),运用Noraxon表面肌电系统采集平地行走、楼梯行走时左右胫骨前肌(TA)、内侧腓肠肌(MG)、外侧腓肠肌(LG)、股直肌(RF)、股二头肌(BF)表面肌电信号,分析平均幅值和积分肌电的变化。结果 上楼梯时,扁平足TA、RF、BF的平均幅值大于正常足(|t| > 2.461, P< 0.05);下楼梯时,扁平足MG的平均幅值大于正常足(t = -1.976, P< 0.05),BF的平均幅值小于正常足(t = 2.298, P< 0.05);与平地行走相比,扁平足上楼梯时TA、RF、BF的平均幅值增加(|t| > 2.257, P < 0.05),下楼梯时RF、BF的平均幅值增加(| t| > 2.630, P < 0.05)。上楼梯时,扁平足TA、MG、LG、RF和BF的积分肌电均大于正常足(| t| > 2.492, P < 0.01);下楼梯时,扁平足MG的积分肌电大于正常足( t = -5.271, P < 0.05),BF的积分肌电小于正常足( t = 2.685, P < 0.05);与平地行走相比,扁平足上楼梯时TA、MG、LG、BF的积分肌电均增大(| t| > 2.088, P < 0.05),下楼梯时TA、LG、RF的积分肌电均降低( t > 2.059, P < 0.05)。 结论 楼梯行走时,扁平足为控制关节过度外旋,肌肉出现补偿反应。

Surface Electromyography Characteristics of Lower Extremities of Flat Feet Walking on Stairs

Objective To explore the characteristics of surface electromyography (sEMG) of flat foot in lower extremity muscles when walking flat and stairs.Methods From March to June, 2019, 20 male subjects (10 with normal feet, 10 with flat feet) were recruited to use sEMG system of Noraxon to collect the average amplitude and integral electromyography of sEMG of tibialis anterio (TA), medialis gastrocnemius (MG), lateralis gastrocnemius (LG), rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) during the flat ground walking and the stair walking. Results As ascending stairs, the average amplitudes of TA, RF and BF of flat feet were higher than that of normal feet (|t| > 2.461, P< 0.05); as descending stairs, the average amplitude of MG of flat feet was higher (t = -1.976, P< 0.05), and the average amplitude of BF of flat feet was lower than that of normal feet (t = 2.298, P< 0.05). Compared with ground walking, the average amplitudes of TA, RF and BF of flat feet increased when ascending stairs (|t| > 2.257, P < 0.05), and the average amplitudes of RF and BF increased when descending stairs (| t| > 2.630, P < 0.05). As ascending stairs, the integral electromyography of TA, MG, LG, RF and BF of flat feet was higher than that of normal feet (| t| > 2.492, P < 0.01); as descending stairs, the integral electromyography of MG of flat feet was higher ( t = -5.271, P < 0.05), and the integral electromyography of BF was lower ( t = 2.685, P < 0.05) than that of normal feet. Compared with ground walking, the integral electromyography of TA, MG, LG and BF increased when ascending stairs (| t| > 2.088, P < 0.05), and the integral electromyography of TA, LG and RF decreased when descending stairs ( t > 2.059, P < 0.05). Conclusion The lower extremities muscles of flat foot compensate for the excessive rotation of the joint when walking stairs.