西洋参种子分离真菌的致病性测定及杀菌剂对种传病原真菌的生物测定

目的 :测定西洋参种子分离真菌的致病性 ,并筛选对西洋参种传病原真菌有效的新型杀菌剂。方法 :幼苗期接种测定对西洋参的致病性 ,平皿菌丝生长抑制法进行杀菌剂的生物测定。结果 :镰刀菌Fusarium sp .5号菌株和链格孢菌Alternaria sp .13号菌株对西洋参幼苗能致病。 3种杀菌剂中 ,施保克对 2种致病菌的抑制作用最强 ,多菌灵次之 ,适乐时的抑菌作用相对弱一些。结论 :施保克和适乐时可作为有效的候选药剂用于西洋参种子的药剂处理或种子包衣 ,替代生产上已使用多年的多菌灵 ,用来防治西洋参苗期病害。

Pathogenicity of fungi isolated from American ginseng seeds and bioassay of fungicides against the pathogenic fungi

Objective:Detect the pathogenicity of fungi isolated from American ginseng seeds and select new fungicides against the pathogenic seed-born fungi. Method: inoculate the isolates to American ginseng seedlings to detect the pathogenicity,and seeded the hyphae disk at the center of agar plate containing chemicals to do fungicide bioassay. Result: Fusarium sp. isolate 5 and Alternaria sp. isolate 13 had pathogenicity to American ginseng seedling. Sportak had the strongest inhibition to the two isolates,Carbendazim had better inhibition and Celest had weak inhibition. Conclusion: Sportak and Celest could be used as efficacious candidate chemicals to treat or coat the American ginseng seeds,and substitute Carbendazim,which has been used for many years,to control the diseases occurring in seedling stage of American ginseng.