南宁市新装修居室空气污染状况及其对人群健康的影响

目的了解南宁市新装修居室空气污染状况及其对人体健康的影响。方法按照GB/T18883—2002《室内空气质量标准》对南宁市2002—2006年130户新装修居室内空气中甲醛、苯、甲苯、二甲苯和放射性水平进行检测;对25户室内空气中甲醛浓度超标的居室进行跟踪检测,并对居民健康状况进行问卷调查。结果130户新装修居室空气样本甲醛浓度合格率为25.6%,氨浓度合格率为27.1%,平均浓度超标倍数分别为3.88倍和1.35倍;而放射性水平及苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度合格率分别为99.6%,97.6%,89.5%,91.9%。25户室内空气甲醛浓度超标居室入住6～12个月后空气甲醛浓度低于人住时(P<0.01)。健康状况问卷调查结果显示,居民入住时均有不同程度的不良反应出现,其中以咽喉疼痛的发生率最高,达92%。结论甲醛和氨是南宁市新装修居室环境中最主要的污染物,新装修居室空气污染已对人体健康产生一定程度的影响。

Indoor Air Quality of Newly Decorated Houses and Health Effects in Nanning City: an Investigation Report

Objective To know the indoor air quality of newly decorated houses and the health effects in Nanning,Guangxi, China.Methods 130 houses in Nanning city were selected and the indoor air quality was determined according to the national standard test methods.25 high formaldehyde levels houses were selected for following up survey which included indoor environmental pollution and habitants' health.Results Formaldehyde and ammonia were the dominant indoor environmental pollutants,the eligible rate for the two pollutants in the indoor air was only 25.6%and 27.1%,and the concentration of the two pollutants exceeded the limits by 3.88 and 1.35 times,respectively.92%of the habitants suffered from gorge pain.Conclusion Formaldehyde and ammonia are the dominant indoor environmental pollutants in the newly decorated houses in Nanning,the pollution has some adverse effects on habitants' health.