东海县某中学一起肺结核聚集性疫情的调查报告

目的 调查处置东海县某中学肺结核聚集性疫情,分析流行因素,为制定学校肺结核防控策略提供依据。方法 按照《学校结核病防治工作手册》进行流行病学调查及密切接触者筛查。结果 东海县某中学高二年级学生发生了肺结核聚集性疫情,罹患率0.39%;密切接触者筛查结核菌素试验学生强阳性反应率为12.2%;涂阳肺结核同班接触者PPD强反应率显著高于涂阴肺结核同班接触者(χ2＝9.742, P=0.002)及肺结核同一楼层接触者(χ2＝16.241, P＜0.001)。结论 此次学生肺结核聚集性疫情主要原因为未及时发现和处置传染性患者、学校卫生设施和保健措施不到位。通过强化肺结核防控知识的宣传教育,隔离治疗患者,加强教室和宿舍通风消毒等措施有效控制了疫情的蔓延。

Report on a pulmonary tuberculosis cluster epidemic occurred in a senior high school,Donghai County

Objective To investigate and handle the pulmonary tuberculosis cluster epidemic occurred in a senior high school in Donghai County,to analyze the epidemic factors,and to provide the scientific evidence for prevention and control strategies of school tuberculosis epidemics. Methods We carried out the field epidemiological investigation and close contact screening test,according to the school tuberculosis prevention and treatment handbook. Results There was the pulmonary tuberculosis cluster epidemic occurred among senior students of grade 2 in a high school in Donghai,and the attack rate was 0.39%. The strong positive rate of TB screening test was 12.2% among the close contacts. The PPD strong reaction rate of the contacts with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases was significantly higher than those with smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis cases in the same class (χ2＝9.742,P=0.002) and those with tuberculosis cases on the same floor (χ2＝16.241,P＜0.001). Conclusion The cause of this outbreak on tuberculosis cluster epidemic in the senior high school is that it does not find and isolate the infection cases timely,and the sanitary and health facilities are poor. It is very effective to control the tuberculosis cluster epidemic through enforcing the education of preventing tuberculosis,isolating the tuberculosis cases,ventilating and disinfecting the classrooms and dormitories.