燃煤型氟中毒对大鼠骺板软骨组织形态学的影响

目的 模拟病区人群复制燃煤型氟中毒大鼠模型，动态观察大鼠不同时期骺板软骨组织形态的改变。方法 150只SD大鼠按体重随机分为对照组、中氟组、高氟组、高氟伴低蛋白低钙组、高氟伴高铝组，每组30只（雌雄各半），分别于第60 d、第120 d、第180 d处死，取大鼠左膝关节，观察大鼠骺板软骨组织病理学改变。结果 各染氟组与对照组相比，骺板边缘不齐，软骨细胞钙化延迟，增殖层和肥大层细胞层数增多；高氟伴低蛋白低钙组细胞柱排列紊乱，随染氟时间延长，出现大量坏死区；高氟伴高铝组增殖层软骨偶尔可见结节样增生；对于同一实验组不同时期比较，随着大鼠饲养时间延长，骺板软骨组织的增殖层细胞层数均逐渐降低（P＜0.05）；不同时期3批大鼠各染氟组骺板增殖层、肥大层的细胞层数均多于对照组，且随着染氟剂量增高细胞层数逐渐增加（P＜0.05）；高氟伴低蛋白低钙组、高氟伴高铝组骺板增殖层、肥大层细胞层数较高氟组均降低。结论 燃煤型氟中毒大鼠出现了骺板软骨组织的损伤；肥大层、增殖层细胞层数增多；高氟伴低蛋白低钙组大鼠骺板组织出现大量坏死区；高氟伴高铝组大鼠骺板组织增厚主要表现为结节性增生。

Endemic fluorosis effect on the epiphyseal cartilage morphology in rats

Objective This work was to investigate the effect of endemic fluorosis on the epiphyseal cartilage morphology in rates of different developmental periods. Methods 150 SD rats were randomly divided into a control group, a fluoride group, a, high fluoride group, a high fluoride + low calcium group + low protein group, a high fluoride + high alumina group, with 30 rats (male: female=1:1) per group. Rats were sacrificed on 60d, 120d, 180d to take their left knees for epiphyseal cartilage histopathology. Results In comparison to the control group, each fluoride group showed epiphyseal plate with uneven edges, chondrocyte calcification delays, increased proliferation layer and hypertrophic layer cell layers. The high fluoride + low calcium group + low protein group showed disordered cells, and serious necrosis with a longer fluorine intake. The high fluoride + high-alumina group showed occasional nodular hyperplasia in cartilage of proliferation layer, and the extended proliferation layer were gradually reduced with prolonged feeding period（P＜0.05）. For each fluoride group, the epiphyseal plate proliferation cell layer was thicker than the control group, and gradually increased with increasing fluoride intake（P＜0.05）. In comparison to the high fluoride group, the proliferation layer and the mast cell layer of epiphyseal plate were lower in the high fluoride + low calcium + low protein group and the high fluoride + high-alumina group. Conclusion Endemic fluorosis damages epiphyseal cartilage, increase hypertrophy layer and proliferative cells layers of the epiphyseal cartilage in rats. Fluoride with low protein low calcium causes epiphyseal plate tissue necrosis, and ; fluoride with high aluminum results in nodular hyperplasia and thickening in epiphyseal tissue.