老年人劳动参与、环境支持与健康水平的关系研究

目的 探讨老年人劳动参与、环境支持对健康水平的影响,为了解老龄化社会中老年人这一重要群体的生理、心理、社会健康提供理论依据。方法 利用多阶段抽样和同伴推动法相结合的抽样方式对杭州市老年人的人口特征、劳动参与现状及生理、心理、社会健康等方面进行调查,进而采用有序logistic模型和结构方程模型构建各变量之间的关系模型。结果 老年人劳动参与对健康水平产生显著的正向直接影响,环境支持需求受劳动参与的间接影响且显著为正,而环境支持对健康水平的影响为负且不显著。结论 老年人劳动参与有利于健康水平提高,老年人对劳动参与的环境支持有需求,但目前的环境支持系统还未对其健康水平提升带来显著作用。以鼓励老年人劳动参与推动健康老龄化的环境支持有必要但须进一步发挥效用,环境支持系统亟待完善,可从政府、雇主和家庭3方面加以改进。

The correlation of labor force participation and environment support with the health level among elderly people

Objective To learn the impacts of labor force participation and environment support on the health level among elderly people. Methods Through multi-stage sampling method and respondent driven sampling method,the elderly in Hangzhou were selected to survey the information of demographic characteristics，status of delayed retirement and health.The correlation model between the variables was constructed by ordered logistic model and structural equation model. Results The influence of labor participation on health level of the elderly people was direct and significantly positive.And the influence of environment support demand affected by labor participation was indirect and significantly positive.While the influence of environmental support on the health level was negative and insignificant. Conclusion Labor force participation of older persons would improve their health level.There was a demand for environmental support by the elderly during their labor force participation,but the current support environment system didn′t play a significant role in improvement of their health level.The environment support system including the government,employers and families needs to be improved to encourage labor force participation of older persons and promote the healthy aging.