云南省4个独有少数民族糖尿病患病、知晓、治疗和控制现况及其与社会经济地位的相关性分析

目的 分析云南省4个独有少数民族糖尿病患病、知晓、治疗和控制的社会经济差异。方法 抽取云南省5 532名35岁及以上的纳西族、傈僳族、傣族和景颇族常住居民进行问卷调查和体格检查。采用主成分分析法构建社会经济地位综合得分。 结果 云南省4个独有少数民族糖尿病的总体患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为4.7%、63.7%、48.1%和24.8%。糖尿病的患病率、知晓率和治疗率随着年龄的增加而升高（P＜0.01）。患病率随受教育程度的升高而降低（P＜0.05）；而治疗率和控制率则随着受教育程度的升高而增加（P＜0.05）。医疗服务可及性和家庭财产越好的少数民族，其糖尿病的患病率和治疗率也越高（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic 回归分析结果显示，社会经济地位与糖尿病的患病率、治疗率和控制率呈正相关（P＜0.05）。结论 云南省4个独有少数民族糖尿病的患病率、治疗率和控制率与其社会经济地位呈正相关。应针对不同社会经济状况的少数民族采取相应的糖尿病预防和干预措施。

The prevalence,awareness, treatment,control of diabetes and relationships with socioeconomic status among four unique ethnic minorities in Yunnan province

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze socioeconomic difference in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes among four unique ethnic minorities in Yunnan province. Methods A representative sample of 5532 ethnic minority residents aged 35 and over were chosen by multi-stage stratified random sampling method from Naxi, Lisu, Dai and Jingpo ethnic minorities groups in Yunnan province. Questionnaire surveys and physical examinations were carried out among the participants. Principal component analysis was used to construct the socioeconomic comprehensive score. Results Among four ethnic minorities, the overall prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates of diabetes were 4.7%, 63.7%, 48.1% and 24.8%, respectively . The prevalence, awareness and treatment rates of diabetes increased with increasing age (P<0.01). The prevalence rate of diabetes decreased with increasing level of education (P<0.05), whereas treatment and control rates increased with increasing level of education (P<0.05). Ethnic minorities with better access to medical service and better household wealth had higher prevalence and treatment rates of diabetes than their counterparts (P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that socioeconomic status was found to be positively associated with prevalence, treatment and control rates of diabetes (P<0.05). Conclusion Socioeconomic status were positively correlated with prevalence, treatment and control rates of diabetes among unique ethnic minorities in Yunnan province. This study suggests that effective prevention and interventions programs of diabetes must be tailored to address socioeconomic factors.