2011～2014级某独立学院新生心理健康状况比较研究

摘要:目的 了解某独立学院2011～2014级新生心理健康总体情况及变化趋势，为大学生心理健康干预提供依据。方法 对某独立学院2011～2014级7 485名新生进行大学生人格问卷(UPI)测量并进行统计分析。结果 4届新生第一类人群检出率均值为24.78%，高于全国平均水平；4届新生在UPI的总分、 第一类人群检出率及躯体症状、神经症、抑郁、精神分裂4项指标上均有统计学差异（P＜0.05）；4届新生排在前10的症状项相似，突出问题为强迫性倾向和人际关系敏感，但症状项选择率超过20%的数量存在差异，其中2011年最多；女生、文科生在UPI在第一类人群检出率和UPI总分上均显著高于男生、工科生（P＜0.05）；贫困生、农村学生第一类人群检出率上显著高于非贫困生、城镇学生（P＜0.05）。结论 2014级心理健康水平最好，其次是2012级、2013级、2011级；性别、专业类型、家庭经济情况和来源地等人口学变量在一定程度上造成4届新生心理健康水平的差异。

Comparison of mental health status for 2011-2014 freshmen in an independent college

Abstract:Objective The aim of this study was to explore the mental health status of the freshmen in an independent college, and provide some reference for undergraduates′ mental health work.Methods A total of 7 485 freshmen from an independent college were surveyed by the UPI（University Personality Inventory）, and the data were analyzed with SPSS 17.0. Results The detection rate of UPI I totally was 24.78%, higher than national average. Compared to the data for freshmen, there were statistical differences in the scores of UPI, detection rate of UPI I, and the score of the four indicators including somatic symptoms, neurosis, depression, schizophrenia (P＜0.05). The top ten symptoms items were relatively consistent, and the outstanding problem was obsessive-compulsive tendency and interpersonal sensitivity. For 2011 freshmen′s symptoms, items which choosing rate over 20% were more than the freshmen from other three years. The freshmen′s scores of UPI and detection rate of UPI I had significant differences in gender and specialty (P＜0.05). There were also significant differences in detection rate of UPI I of different family economic status and the different origin of the freshmen (P＜0.05). Conclusion The mental health of 2014 freshmen was best, followed by 2012, 2013, and 2011. The influencing factors for freshmen′s mental health were gender, specialty, family economic status and origin.