脑力劳动人群职业紧张与睡眠质量的关系研究

目的 了解脑力劳动目标人群职业紧张和睡眠质量状况,并分析两者之间的关系。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法抽取乌鲁木齐市脑力劳动者1 500人,使用工作紧张测量问卷和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表进行问卷调查。结果 不同人口学特征的脑力劳动者职业紧张状况不同(P＜0.05)；此次调查的脑力劳动人群睡眠问题发生率为27.46%,其睡眠质量得分与国内常模比较,除睡眠时间外,其余各因子得分均高于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；且控制一般人口学特征因素后对职业紧张与睡眠质量进行偏相关分析,结果显示职业紧张各维度与睡眠质量各因子间均存在一定相关性(P＜0.05),进一步进行Logistic回归分析发现,在调整了一般人口学特征因素的影响后,工作紧张强度和频度每改变一个单位,发生睡眠问题的危险性分别增加2.064倍和4.623倍。结论 脑力劳动人群职业紧张和睡眠质量状况较差,除一般人口学因素的影响外,职业紧张会对脑力劳动者的睡眠造成不良影响,且会增加职业人群发生睡眠问题的风险,应该注意防治。

Relationship between occupational stress and sleep quality in mental workers

Objective To understand the occupational stress and sleep quality conditions of mental workers,and analyze the relationship between occupational stress and sleep quality. Methods We used stratified cluster sampling method to collect 1500 mental workers in Urumqi,who were investigated by occupational stress questionnaires (Job stress Survey,JSS) and sleep quality index (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,PSQI). Results The occupational stress of mental workers with various demographic characteristics were different (P<0.05). The sleep problems incidence of mental workers in this survey was 27.46%. The sleep quality of mental workers was compared with national norm,we found that other factors′ scores were all higher than the national norm except the sleep time,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Then the results of partial correlation which adjusted demographic characteristics factors showed that every dimension of occupational stress had different correlation levels with each factor of sleep quality (P<0.05),the results of logistic regression analysis after adjusting demographic characteristics factors showed that one unit of strength and frequency of job stress changed would bring out 2.064 times and 4.623 times of sleep quality problems occurring,respectively. Conclusion The condition of occupational stress and sleep quality of mental workers are severe. In addition to general demographic factors,occupational stress can cause an adverse impact on sleep in mental workers,and increase the risk of sleep quality problems. We should pay attention to prevent and control them.