家庭及社会支持对老年冠心病患者健康自我管理的影响

目的 了解冠心病老年患者健康自我管理的现状及其家庭、社会支持因素的影响，为采取应对措施提供理论依据。方法 于2015年3月- 2016年2月采用成年人健康自我管理问卷(AHSMSRS)、家庭功能评估量表(FAD)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对唐山工人医院住院治疗的冠心病老年人(≥60岁)1 408例进行问卷评测。结果 冠心病老年患者健康自我管理总均分为(3.83±0.59)分，多因素分析显示文化程度（β = 0.191）、有无医保（β = -0.083）、社会支持（β = 0.162）、家庭功能（β = -0.159）、家人行为指正（β = 0.049）、子女安排体检（β = 0.191）及与子女交流（β = -0.160）是冠心病老年人健康自我管理水平的影响因素(均P＜0.05)。结论 冠心病老年患者自我管理水平有待提升，加强家庭及社会支持，可提高其自我管理水平。

Influence of family and social support for patients with coronary heart in health self-management

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of self-management behavior in the elderly coronary heart disease. Methods A total of 1 408 elder residents (aged 60 years and above) were selected in Tangshan Gongren hospital from March 2015 to February 2016. The AHSMSRS, FAD, SSRS were used to conduct the survey. Results Total average score of health self-management was (3.83±0.59), multi-factor analysis showed that educational level（β=0.191）, health insurance （β=-0.083）, family behavioral correction（β=0.049）, communicate with children （β=-0.160）, children arrange physical examination （β=0.191）, family function （β=-0.159）, and social support （β=0.162） were the influencing factors of health self-management in the elderly CHD (P＜0.05). Conclusion There is a big room to improve the self-management behavior in elderly patients with CHD, we should reinforce the family and social support to improve the status of health self-management.