重庆市巴南区农民工健康意识及影响因素研究

目的 了解农民工的健康意识现况及其影响因素，为改善其健康意识提供依据。方法 采用方便抽样的方法抽取重庆市巴南区870名农民工，使用自行设计问卷进行现场调查，通过调查农民工对不同疾病的处理方式、获取基本健康信息的主动性及其体检率和医疗保险购买率情况了解其健康意识。结果 ①疾病越严重，农民工进入医院诊疗的可能性越大（χ2 = 1 352.878,P＜0.001）；②农民工的体检率（60.00%）较低，受教育程度(P＜0.05) 是影响其体检率的主要因素；③农民工购买医疗保险（24.07%）的健康意识淡薄，其是否购买医疗保险的主要影响因素有教育程度、婚姻状况(P＜0.05)。结论 农民工的健康意识总体较低，应采用其易于接受的方式进行小病预防知识的传播,同时提高其体检率和医疗保险购买率。

Health awareness of migrant workers in Banan of Chongqing and its influencing factors

Objective This paper was to have a better understanding of the current rural migrant workers' health awareness situation and its influence factors and to provide a basis for improving the current situation. Methods This paper utilizes convenience sampling method to select 870 rural migrant workers from Banan district of Chongqing for a field survey with self-designed questionaires. The health awareness of migrant workers was evaluated by the information about their treatments for different diseases, initiative of obtaining the basic health information, the rate of their physical examination and the rate of medical insurance purchase. Results ①The more serious the disease is, the higher possibility that people will go to hospital for treatment（χ2=1352.878,P<0.001）. ② The rate of rural migrant workers' physical examination was low(60%), and education was the major influencing factor (P<0.05) . ③The rate of the medical insurance purchase of rural migrant workers was low, witheducation and marriage as the main influencing factors (P<0.05). Conclusion Health awareness of the migrant workers is generally low. Acceptable measures to migrant workers should be taken to educate them how to prevent minor illness, so as to improve their health awarenessAt the same time, their physical examination rate and the medical insurance purchase rate should be improved.