慢性病老年人养老方式选择的影响因素研究

目的 了解慢性病老年人养老方式选择的影响因素，为其提供合适的养老方式。方法 通过多阶段分层抽样调查厦门市60岁及以上常住老年人的人口学资料、养老方式选择及慢性病患病情况等，采用χ2检验和多分类Logistic回归分析慢性病老年人养老方式选择的影响因素。结果 1 276名老年人中慢性病患病率为61.4%，慢性病老年人（相比未患慢性病老年人）选择社区居家养老和机构养老的比例均较高。以家庭养老为参照，慢性病老年人选择社区居家养老与机构养老的影响因素分别是与子女关系、居住地、文化程度、婚姻、孤独感，独居、与子女关系、文化程度、年龄、居住地。结论 慢性病老年人养老方式选择仍以家庭养老为主，但较未患慢性病老年人低。独居、年龄、婚姻、居住地、孤独感是慢性病老年人养老方式选择特有的影响因素。

The influencing factors for choice of elderly care among elderly with chronic diseases

Objective The study aimed to assess the influencing factors for choice of elderly care among elderly patients with chronic disease, so as to provide proper care services for elderly patients. Methods Elderly resident over the age of 60 in Xiamen City were selected by multi-stage stratified sampling and surveyed for their demographic data, modes of elderly care, prevalence of chronic diseases. χ2 test and multinomial logistic regression were adopted to analyze the factors affecting the choice of elderly care among those with chronic diseases. Results Among the 1276 elderly patients, 61.4% suffered from chronic diseases and showed higher preference over both community home elderly care and institution elderly care modes, as compared with those free of chronic diseases. Taking home elderly care as a reference, the influencing factors for choice of community home elderly care included relationship with their children, place of residence, education level, marital status, and sense of loneliness; and the influencing factors for choice of institution elderly care included relationship with their children, education level, age, and the place of residence. Conclusion Home elderly care remains the preferred choice of elderly care among the elderly residents with chronic diseases. Yet, home elderly care is even more preferred among those free of chronic diseases. In addition, living alone, age, place of residence, and sense of loneliness are the specific factors influencing their choices of elderly care.