妊娠期贫血原因分析及贫血对母婴影响

测定２２７例初产妇不同孕周血清铁蛋白（ＳＦ）等６项指标，观察到孕妇妊娠期铁贮备、血清叶酸和维生素Ｂ１２，随孕龄增加而呈显著性降低；缺铁性贫血、巨幼红细胞贫血和混合性贫血发生率呈逐渐增高趋势。贫血发生率为３０．４％，贫血合并好高征发生率为２７．５４％，合并胎儿宫内生长迟缓（ＩＵ－ＧＲ）发生率为１１．５９％。而贫血引起胎膜早破、宫缩乏力及胎儿窘迫和新生儿出生体重偏低，均较正常妊娠发生率高。结论指出，妊娠中，后期补充铁剂、叶酸和ＶＢ１２是防治贫血及降低母婴合并症的重要措施。

ANALYSlS OF ANEMIC CAUSES DURING PREGNANCY AND ITS EFFECTS ON MOTHERS AND FETUS

Iron nutritional status,serum folate and vitaminB12 were observed longitudinally in 227 normal pri-migravidae from the first trimester to the third trimester of pregnancy.All three parameters decreasedmarkedly with the gestational age.The incidence of iron deficiency anemia,megalobastic anemia andmixed iron and folate or vitaminB12 deficiency anemia increased as pregnancy advanced.The incidenceof anemia complicating pregnancy was 30.4%.The incidence of anemia complicated by PIH and byIUGR was 27.54%and 11.59%respectively.The neonatal low birth-weight and incidence of fetal de-stress and premuture rupture of membrencs and uterine atonia was highter than that of normal pregna- ncy in the anemia grop. The results indicated that the ironnutritional status and the concentrations ofserum folated and vitaminB12 were closely correlated and suggested that iron and folated and vitamin-B12 supplement should be given at the second and third trimester of pregnancy in order to preventanemia in the pregnant woman.