阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征对患者心肌缺血负荷的影响

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)对患者心肌缺血的影响及可能机制。方法纳入52例OSAHS患者和21名健康体检者,应用多导睡眠监测系统(PSG)行至少7 h睡眠呼吸监测,长程动态心电图(Holter)同步记录心电动态变化,分析心肌缺血与呼吸紊乱指数(AHI)的关系。结果轻中度OSAHS组(5次/h≤AHI<30次/h)与重度OSAHS组(AHI≥30次/h)均表现为睡眠时心肌缺血负荷显著大于觉醒时,且OSAHS患者AHI与睡眠时心肌缺血负荷相关(r=0.667,P<0.01)。轻中度OSAHS组与重度OSAHS组分别根据有无心肌缺血情况,分为心肌缺血组和无心肌缺血组。轻中度组亚组分析显示,与无心肌缺血组相比,心肌缺血组清醒时与睡眠时的平均心率均显著增快(83.33±6.86)次/min比(76.30±8.52)次/min;(64.71±6.94)次/min比(59.18±2.94)次/min,均为P<0.05]。重度组亚组分析显示,与无心肌缺血组相比,心肌缺血组睡眠效率(74.71%±8.32%比86.36%±6.33%,P<0.01)、最低血氧饱和度(52.36%±17.32%比64.80%±14.86%,P<0.05)、平均血氧饱和度(87.93%±4.80%比92.00%±1.73%,P<0.01)及总非快速动眼期时间/总睡眠时间(68.67%±4.19%比76.87%±7.16%,P<0.05)均显著降低,SaO_2<90%的时间及最长呼吸暂停时间(236.65±132.72)min比(124.10±82.99)min;(71.63±15.94)s比(55.28±22.05)s,均为P<0.05]均显著延长。结论 OSAHS患者睡眠时的心肌缺血与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停相关。轻中度OSAHS患者睡眠时心肌缺血可能由反复交感神经系统激活相关的改变所致,重度OSAHS患者的心肌缺血可能与低氧血症及睡眠结构紊乱相关。

Myocardial ischemia burden in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

Objective To investigate the influence of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) on myocardial ischemia.Methods Fifty-two patients with OSAHS and 21 normal controls were monitored by polysomnography for at least 7 hours and apnea hypopnea index(AHI) were calculated.Dynamic ECG(Holter) was recorded for all subjects at the same time.Myocardial ischemia was defined as ECG ST depression equal to or more than 1 mm lasting at least 1 minute.Patients with OSAHS were divided into mild to moderate group an...