中青年急性心肌梗死78例的临床特点、危险因素及疗效分析

目的研究中青年急性心肌梗死（AMI）的临床特点，探讨其可能的致病原因及其有效的治疗方法。方法回顾性分析78例中青年病例的危险因素、临床及生化特点、治疗方法、并发症，并与同期住院的129例老年心肌梗死患者进行比较。结果中青年吸烟、酗酒的比例高于老年组（P〈0．05）。冠脉造影示中青年组单支病变组居多，老年组以多支病变为主（P〈O．01）。两组患者溶栓组并发症多于PCI组（P〈0．01）。中青年组预后好于老年组。中青年发病前多有明显诱因。结论中青年急性心肌梗死临床特点、危险因素与老年人不同，防治重心不同。PCI治疗是安全可靠的方法。中青年有危险因素者广泛开展健康教育，积极改善生活方式．可以减少心血管事件的发生。

Clinical Characteristics,Risk Factors and Effectiveness of 78 Cases of Young and Middle Aged Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of acute myocardial infarction （AMI）, possible causes and effective treatment in young and middle aged patients. Methods 78 cases of young patients of the risk factors, clinical and biochemical characteristics, treatment, complications were retrospectively analyzed and were compared with 129 cases of hospitalized elderly patients with myocardial infarction at the same period. Results Smoking, alcoholism in young and middle aged group was higher than elderly group （P 〈0.05）. Coronary angiography showed that single vessel diseases were more in the young group, and multi-vessel diseases were more in the elderly group（P 〈0.01）. Complications of thrombolysis group patients were more than PCI group （P 〈0.01）. Prognosis was better in young and middle aged group than in elderly group. There were obvious incentives before the occurrence of diseases in young and middle aged group. Conclusions As clinical features and risk factors of acute myocardial infarction are different in the young from the elderly, prevention and treatment focus on different methods. PCI treatment is a safe and reliable method. For young and middle aged persons with risk factors, carrying out extensive health education and active improvement of the way of life can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events.