人本取向小组辅导对高中生心理健康的影响

目的 探索人本取向小组辅导对提高高中生心理健康水平的效果.方法 采用分层随机抽样的方法,从遵义市抽取普通和重点高中各1所,在每所学校高一年级随机抽取2个班将其分为试验组(102例)和对照组(103例);10人左右一组采用人本取向小组辅导的方法干预4个月;2组在干预前后及干预结束后14个月用症状自评量表(SCL-90)评估心理健康状况.结果 干预后,试验组在躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、精神病性6项因子和总症状指数上得分低于对照组总症状指数试验组、对照组(1.64±0.36)分.(1.79±0.50)分,P<0.05].干预结束后14个月,试验组在人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性4项因子和总症状指数上得分低于对照组总症状指数试验组、对照组(1.72±0.43)分,(1.88±0.51)分,P<0.05].试验组干预4个月后和干预结束后14个月的焦虑和总症状指数因子得分均低于干预前总症状指数干预前、干预4个月后、干预结束后14个月(1.9±0.5)分,(1.6±0.4)分,(1.7±0.4)分,P<0.01],干预4个月后人际关系、抑郁、敌对和精神病性因子得分低于干预前精神病性干预前、干预4个月后(1.7±0.6)分,(1.5±0.3)分,P<0.01].干预结束后14个月高中生的强迫因子得分高于干预前(P<0.05),干预结束后14个月高中生的躯体化因子得分高于干预前和干预4个月后(P<0.01).结论 人本取向小组辅导能显著改善高中生的心理健康状况.

Effect of person-centered group counseling on psychological health in the students of senior high school

Objective To investigate the effect of person-centered group counseling on psychological health in the students of senior high school.Methods Experimental group(n=103)and control group(n=102)were randomly selected in the students in grade one of a ordinary and a famous senior high school with stratified random sampling method in Zunyi City.Every group was randomly classified as 10 subgroups(including about 10 students in one group),and was counseled with the method of oriented group counseling intervention for four months.The statuses of psychological health were measured with self-rating scale(SCL-90)at the start and end of the intervention and 14 months after the intervention respectively.Results The scores of SCL-90 of somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility,mental illness and the total symptom index of experimental group decreased significantly(P＜0.05).14 months after treatment the scores of SCL-90 of interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,psychotic and the total symptom index scores of experimental group decreased significantly (P＜0.05).On the experimental group,the scores of SCL-90 of compulsion was higher 14 months after the end of intervention than pre-intervention(P＜0.05).The seores of SCL-90 of somatization were higher 4 months alter the end of intervention than pre-intervention and after the intervention(P＜0.01).Conclusion The person-centered group psychotherapy can significantly improve the level of mental health of high school students.