南五味子类药材的鉴别研究

目的 为南五味子药材的鉴定提供依据。方法 用性状鉴别、扫描电镜和薄层色谱方法对不同产地华中五味子及其近缘种绿叶五味子、翼梗五味子和红花五味子果实进行生药性状、种子表面微形态和薄层鉴别。结果 依据种皮表面的微形态特征可以将华中五味子、红花五味子、绿叶五味子及翼梗五味子分为3个类型。去氧五味子素(五味子甲素)(deoxyschisandrin)、五味子酯甲(schisantherin A)的薄层定性表明产于陕西平利、河南栾川、山西阳城、湖南衡山的华中五味子、绿叶五味子和红花五味子果实中都含有五味子酯甲和五味子甲素；翼梗五味子果实中仅含有五味子酯甲，而甘肃小陇山、陕西留坝产华中五味子果实中检测不到这两种成分。结论 不同产地华中五味子、红花五味子、绿叶五味子及翼梗五味子的干燥果实可以依据种皮表面的微形态特征和薄层色谱结果加以鉴别。

Pharmacognostical identification of Chinese crude drug Fructus Schisandrae Sphenantherae

Object To provide a basis for the identification of the crude drug of Fructus Schisandrae Sphenantherae Methods Morpholgical characters and microstructural features of the seed surface of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils , S. rubriflora (Franch ) Rehd. et Wils., S. viridis A. C. Smith, and S. henryi Clarke were observed under light microscope and scanning electron microscope. Identification of them was also completed by TLC qualitative analysis for deoxyschisandrin and schisantherin A Results The fruits of S. sphenanthera, S. rubriflora, S. viridis and S. henryi could be classified to three types with the characters of micromorphological features of the seed surface. The results of TLC showed that deoxyschisandrin and schisantherin A were present in the fruits of S. sphenanthera from Pingli, Shaanxi, Luanchuan, Henan, Yangcheng, Shanxi, S. rubriflora and S.viridis, Hengshan Hunan Provinces The fruit of S. henryi contained a little quantity of schisantherin A, but the fruits of S. sphenanthera from Liuba Shaanxi and Xiaolongshan Gansu Provinces did not have deoxyschisandrin and schisantherin A. Conclusion The fruits of S. sphenanthera from different geographical origin, S. rubriflora, S. viridis and S. henryi can be identified by the characters of micromorphological featrues of the seed surface and the TLC qualitative analysis for deoxyschisandrin and schisantherin A