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Lessons Learned From the HEALTHY Primary Prevention Trial of Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in Middle School Youth |
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| Authors: | Marsha D. Marcus Kathryn Hirst Francine Kaufman Gary D. Foster Tom Baranowski |
| Affiliation: | 1. University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA 2. George Washington University Biostatistics Center, 6110 Executive Boulevard, Suite 750, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA 3. Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, MS 61, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA 4. Temple University Center for Obesity Research and Education, 3223 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA 5. Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA |
| Abstract: | The HEALTHY trial was designed to take a primary prevention approach to risk factors for type 2 diabetes in youth, primarily obesity. The study involved over 6,000 students at 42 middle schools across the U.S. Half received an integrated intervention program of components addressing the school food environment, physical education, lifestyle behaviors, and promotional messaging. The intervention was designed to be more comprehensive than previous efforts, and the research was amply funded. Although the primary objective of reducing the percentage of overweight and obesity in schools that received the intervention program, as compared with control schools, was not obtained, key secondary outcomes indicated an intervention effect. In retrospect, senior investigators involved in the study’s design, conduct, and analysis discuss weaknesses and strengths and offer recommendations for future research efforts that address prevention of childhood obesity from a public health perspective. |
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