肩胛上神经阻滞穿刺点的研究及其临床意义

目的为肩胛上神经阻滞麻醉提供解剖学基础。方法解剖观察102例成人尸体肩胛区,在肩胛冈中部上方切除一长宽约8 cm的区域,显露和观察肩胛上神经、血管及肩胛上横韧带的位置及其毗邻关系;测量肩胛上神经与肩峰内侧的距离和肩胛冈上方的距离及其深度;在肩胛骨上角与肩峰的连线上,测量肩胛上神经与肩峰内侧的距离。结果肩胛上神经距离肩峰内侧（6.29±0.71）cm、上方（1.93±0.59）cm、肩胛上神经在此点距皮肤的深度为（3.63±0.55）cm。在肩胛骨上角与肩峰连线上,肩胛上神经距离肩峰内侧（6.37±0.87）cm。结论肩胛上神经阻滞麻醉穿刺点位于肩峰内侧6.29 cm、正上方1.93 cm、此点深度3.63 cm,或在肩胛骨上角与肩峰连线上,肩胛上神经距离肩峰内侧6.37 cm。

A study on the puncture point for suprascapular nerve block and its clinical significance

Objective To provide the anatomic basis for suprascapular nerve block anesthesia.Methods Parts of the scapular regions（8 cm in width on the middle part of the scapular spine superiorly） of 102 specimens were dissected and observed.The location and relationship of the suprascapular nerve,artery and superior transverse scapular ligament were unfolded and observed.The distance from the suprascapular nerve to the acromion medially and the distance and depth of the suprascapular nerve above the scapular spine were measured.The distance from the suprascapular nerve to the acromion medialy was measured again along the line between the acromion and the superior angle of scapula.Results The suprascapular nerve was（6.29± 0.71）cm distant from and（1.93± 0.59）cm above the acromion medially and it is（3.63±0.55） cm distant from the skin at this point.The suprascapular nerve was（6.37± 0.87） cm distant from the acromion medialy along the line between the acromion and the superior angle of scapula.Conclusion The punctured point of the suprascapular nerve block anesthesia is located in the place 6.29 cm distant from and 1.93 cm above the medial acromion and it is 3.63 cm distant from the skin at this point.Along the line between the acromion and the superior angle of scapula,the suprascapular nerve is 6.37cm distant from the acromion medialy.