高血压和视网膜动脉硬化与年龄相关性黄斑变性调查

目的 研究高血压、视网膜动脉硬化与年龄相关性黄斑变性发病的相关性.方法 前瞻性系列病例研究.收集296名体检患者的临床资料,包括全身和眼部的诊治详情.按性别不同,分别统计高血压、视网膜动脉硬化、年龄相关性黄斑变性的发病率,分析高血压、视网膜动脉硬化与年龄相关性黄斑变性之间的相关性.结果 高血压患者中并发年龄相关性黄斑变性的发病率明显高于血压正常人年龄相关性黄斑变性的发病率(x2=15.72,P＜ 0.01)；视网膜动脉硬化患者中年龄相关性黄斑变性的发病率也显著高于无视网膜动脉硬化者的年龄相关性黄斑变性的发病率(x2=23.74,P＜0.01),两组对照相比差异有统计学意义.高血压的程度与年龄相关性黄斑变性的发病率呈正相关关系(F=0.743,P＜0.05).结论 高血压、视网膜动脉硬化与年龄相关性黄斑变性三者之间关联紧密,高血压、视网膜动脉硬化可能是年龄相关性黄斑变性发病的危险因素之一.

The relationship of hypertension and retinal atherosclerosis with age-related macular degeneration

Objective To explore the relationship of retinal atherosclerosis and hypertension with the genesis of age-related macular degeneration （ AMD ）. Methods This study was a retrospective review. The clinical data on 296 patients who had physical examinations including general and eye examinations were colleced. The incidence rates of retinal atherosclerosis, hypertension, and AMD were counted according to different sex. The relationship of hypertension and retinal atherosclerosis with AMD was analyzed. Results The incidence rate of AMD in hypertensive patients was markedly higher than that in normotensive people （ X^2=15.72, P 〈 0.01 ）; and the incidence rate of AMD in patients with retinal atherosclerosis was also markedly higher than that in those without reinal atherosclerosis （ X^2 = 23.74, P〈 0,01 ）. Conclusions Retinal atherosclerosis and hypertension are closed related with age-related macular degeneration. The former two medical conditions are likely one of the risk factors for the latter disorder.