福建省钩端螺旋体病流行新特点分析

目的分析福建省钩端螺旋体病(钩体病)流行特点,为防制提供科学依据。方法运用流行病学调查方法对2000-2009年福建省两次钩体病暴发疫情进行统计分析。结果闽南某地钩体病暴发疫情是由外来人群因漂流接触疫水发病引起的,发病率44.11%。病人血清阳性率为100%,且早晚期抗体均4倍以上增长。健康人群血清抗体阳性率为26.63%。鼠类是主要传染源。霞浦某地钩体病暴发疫情是由易感人群清理荒芜稻田引发的,发病率61.70%,黄毛鼠是传染源,携带秋季群。病人血清阳性率为89.66%,抗体滴度高达1:25 600,26例患者早晚期抗体滴度显4倍以上增长,血清群均为秋季群与黄毛鼠携带菌型一致。结论漂流和旅游等非耕作性钩体病感染和废弃田再用时引起的钩体感染是福建省21世纪初钩体病局部暴发流行新动向。

Analysis on New Features of Epidemiology of Leptospirosis in Fujian Province

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of leptospirosis in Fujian Province,and to provide the scientific evidence for disease control and prevention. Methods The data of two outbreaks of leptospirosis in Fujian Province from 2000 to 2009 were statistically analyzed using epidemiological investigation. Results The outbreak of leptospirosis in the southern part of Fujian Province was caused by immigrators’ contacting with infectious water in rafting,with the morbidity of 44.11%.The serum positive rate of patients was 100%,and antibody titers had a four-fold rise in early and late stages.The serum positive rate of healthy population was 26.63%.The major infectious source was the rats.The outbreak in Xiapu County was triggered by susceptible group’s farming in desert field,with the morbidity of 61.70%.Rattus losea which brought Autumnalis serogroup was the source of infection.The serum positive rate of patients was 89.66%.The maximum antibody titer was 1:25,600.The antibody titers of 26 patients in early and late stages were increased at least fourfold.The serogroup was Autumnalis serogroup which was the same as the ones brought by Rattus losea. Conclusions Non-farming infections of leptospirosis,such as rafting and travelling as well as infection caused by farming in desert land are the new trend of leptospirosis local outbreak in Fujian Province in the early 21st century.