杭州市妊娠妇女尿碘及甲状腺功能分析

目的 研究杭州市妊娠妇女在不同妊娠期尿碘及甲状腺功能状况,为今后实施孕妇的碘营养监测或孕妇甲状腺功能筛查提供依据.方法 随机抽取杭州市五个调查点395人进行尿碘、血清TSH、FT3、FT4检测,采用酸消化砷.铈接触法测定尿碘,化学发光法测定TSH、FT3、FT4水平.结果 (1)妊娠早、中、晚期妇女的尿碘中位数分别为170.3、170.2、162.4μg/L,均显著低于非妊娠妇女(对照组中位数251.9μg/L,均P<0.05);(2)妊娠早期妇女TSH水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05);妊娠中、晚期妇女FT4、FT3水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05);(3)104例妊娠中期妇女中有8.7%的人FT4低于下限值,9.6%的人FT3低于下限值;97例妊娠晚期妇女中有22.7%的人FT4低于下限值,17.5%的人FT3低于下限值.结论 从群体的角度来看,大多数杭州市妊娠妇女碘营养处于适宜水平;不能以非妊娠妇女甲状腺功能指标来判定妊娠妇女的甲状腺激素水平;妇女妊娠期不仅要进行尿碘监测,且应进行甲状腺功能筛查.

Analysis of urinary iodine and thyroid function in pregnant women of Hangzhou

Objective To investigate the urinary iodine level and thyroid function during different trimesters of pregnancy in Hangzhou residents and to provide evidence for monitoring iodine nutrition or screening thyroid function. Methods The urinary iodine level and thyroid function of 395 subjects from 5 hospitals in Hanzhou were investigated. The urinary iodine level was measured by arsenic-cerium contact process method. The serum TSH, FT3 and FT4 were measured by chemiluminescence method. Results (1) The urinary iodine median concentration during pregnancy in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters were 170.3, 170.2, 162.4 μ/L respectively, all significantly lower than that of non-pregnant women (251.9 μg/L, all P < 0.05); (2) The mean value of TSH during the 1st trimester of pregnancy was significantly lower than that of non-preguant women (P < 0.05). The mean values of FT4 and FT3 in the 2nd and the 3rd trimesters of pregnancy were significantly lower than those of the control (P < 0.05); (3) During 2nd trimester, there were 8.7% (9/104, in FT4) and 9.6% (10/104, in FT3) pregnant women below normal lower range while during 3rd trimester, these figures reached 22.7% (22/97) and 17.5% (17/97) resfectively. Conclusions More than half of the pregnant women in Hangzhou have good nutritional status of iodine. There are significant differences in thyroid hormone levels between the non-pregnant and pregnant women as well as between gestation periods. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a trimester-specific reference range of thyroid hormones for normal pregnancy. The screening for thyroid function is recommended for pregnant women besides monitoring routine urinary iodine.