NK 细胞负向调控适应性免疫应答研究进展

自然杀伤细胞(Natural killer cells,NK cells)是机体重要的天然免疫细胞,可以通过直接杀伤作用或分泌多种细胞因子来抵抗病毒感染或肿瘤细胞,从而维持机体稳态。大量研究表明,NK 细胞在免疫应答中也可以通过影响多种免疫细胞应答来改变免疫状态,一方面NK 细胞可以与免疫细胞直接接触,另一方面NK 细胞通过影响病毒载量等方式起到促进或抑制适应性免疫应答的作用。NK 细胞正向调控适应性免疫应答的功能已被人们所熟知,其负向调控功能直到近年才被关注。本文根据已有文献,综述了NK 细胞负向调控适应性免疫应答中的效应细胞及功能机制,并阐述这种调控作用对机体后续抗感染或抗肿瘤免疫应答的影响。

Research progress on negative regulation of adaptive immune response by NK cells

Natural killer (NK) cells are important innate effector cells and play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis through potent cytotoxic activity and cytokine production .Recent findings show that NK cells can also shape adaptive immune responses by in fluencing a variety of immune cells. In addition to direct interactions with other immune cells,NK cells can indirectly stimulate or inhibit adaptive immune response via influencing infected cells and pathogen load .Abundant studies have highlighted the positive regulatory functions of NK cells,while their negative regulatory functions have increasingly attracted attention in recent years .Here,we review recent findings on negative regulation of adaptive immune response by NK cells,discussing the involved effector cells and function mechanism,and demonstrate how this negative regulation influences the overall outcome of adaptive immunity in infection and tumor disease .