不同饲料联合维生素D3建立大鼠动脉粥样硬化模型的比较

目的探讨最佳的动脉粥样硬化大鼠模型的制作方法。方法采用单纯高脂饲料饲养、维生素D₃结合高脂饲料饲养、维生素D₃结合普通高脂饮食饲养3种方法诱导动脉粥样硬化大鼠模型，比较3种方法的模型建立情况。HE染色观察大鼠主动脉血管动脉粥样硬化斑块的组织病理学变化。结果动脉粥样硬化大鼠模型成功情况：单纯高脂饲料喂养大鼠主动脉内膜光滑，未见斑块形成；高脂饲料联合维生素D₃组仅2例主动脉内膜形成粟粒样斑块；普通高脂饮食喂养同时加维生素D₃灌胃后2个月后可见主动脉内膜明显钙化斑块，呈环状，斑块遍及整条动脉。结论高脂饲料建立动脉粥样硬化模型成模率低，普通高脂饮食饲养联合维生素D₃每周间隔灌胃方法诱导动脉粥样硬化大鼠模型成模率高、动物死亡率低，是较好的模型制作方法。

Gastric Perfusion of Vitamin D3 with Different Diets Induce the Atherosclerotic Rat Model

ObjectiveTo investigate the optimun approach to induce the atherosclerotic rat model.MethodsThree methods were used to induce atherosclerotic model, including: simple high fat diet feeding, high fat diet feeding with gastric perfusion of Vitamin D₃, and gastric perfusion of Vitamin D₃ with common rat food (splashed oil on the normal rat food with yolks and peanuts). Histopathology change of the atherosclerotic plaques in aorta was observed by normal and histopathologic sections and Hematoxylin staining.ResultsThe endarterium of aorta of the rats with simple high fat diet was smooth without atherosclerotic plaques after 2 months. 2 rats with high fat diet feeding and gastric perfusion of Vitamin D₃ had formed miliary atherosclerotic plaques. In the rats with vitamin D₃ and common rat food, the ring-shape calcified atherosclerotic plaques were found in the all endarterium of aorta.ConclusionGastric perfusion of Vitamin D₃ once a week (3 times) combined with common rat diet could induce the atherosclerotic model successfully and decrease the mortality rate.