潍坊市肾综合征出血热流行特征变化分析

目的 探索潍坊市肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, HFRS)流行特征,为HFRS的精准防控提供依据。 方法 收集2005—2020年潍坊市HFRS病例报告数据,分析HFRS的月度发病情况及年龄变化;对不同流行周期病例分布特征进行χ²分析,借助相关系数r分析不同流行季节病例关系。 结果 潍坊市年均报告发病率在2.52/10万,男女性别比2.71∶1,职业主要为农民;2005—2007年病例报告主要集中在35～44岁,2008—2016年主要集中在40～54岁,2017—2020年主要集中在45～59岁;存在春季与秋冬季两个流行季节且秋冬季病例报告与次年春季存在高度相关(r=0.79,P<0.001)。 结论 2005—2020年潍坊市HFRS流行特征发生变化,尤其是年龄分布,老年人发病占比上升。

Changes in epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Weifang City

Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) in Weifang City so as to provide a basis for precise control and prevention of HFRS. Methods We collected the reported data about HFRS cases in Weifang City from 2005 to 2020. Changes in the monthly incidence and age differences were analyzed. The distribution characteristics of cases in different epidemic cycles were analyzed by χ;test. The correlation coefficient r was used to analyze the relationship of different epidemic seasons with the cases. Results The annual average reported incidence rate of HFRS in Weifang City was 2.52/100,000, with a male-to-female sex ratio being 2.71:1. Most of the cases were farmers. The cases reported in 2005-2007 were mainly concentrated in the age group of 35-44 years, those in 2008-2016 in the age group of 40-54 years, and those in 2017-2020 in the age group of 45-59 years. There were two epidemic seasons, namely, spring and autumn;moreover, the cases reported in autumn-winter season were highly correlated with the next spring season(r=0.79, P<0.001). Conclusion The epidemic characteristics of HFRS in Weifang City from 2005 to 2020 were changed, especially in the age distribution, and the incidence proportion of the elderly increased.