呼出气挥发性有机物在肺部感染性疾病诊断中的研究进展

现有肺部感染性疾病的诊断方法通常是有创的,且需要专门的实验室和技术,因此有必要开发无创的诊断工具。基于呼出气挥发性有机化合物(volatile organic compounds,VOC)的检测方法已经显示出作为传统诊断替代工具的潜力,用于快速、实时识别各种病原体。VOC来源于人体很多内源性生化过程,包括脂质氧化,以及碳水化合物和脂肪酸代谢等。来自这些过程的气相代谢物和分解产物经由循环系统转运,并通过肺部迅速排出体外。因此,它们有成为肺部感染性疾病诊断和监测潜在无创代谢生物标志物的可能。笔者综述了VOC检测的原理和常用技术、VOC的采集方法、VOC在肺部感染性疾病中的研究现状和存在的问题,并对基于呼出气的VOC分析方法进行展望。

Research progress of exhaled volatile organic compounds on the diagnosis of pulmonary infectious diseases

Current diagnostic methods for pulmonary infectious diseases are usually invasive and require specific laboratories and technologies. Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel non-invasive diagnostic tools. The detection method based on exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOC) has shown the potential as an alternative tool for traditional diagnostic and can be used to identify various pathogens quickly and in real time. VOC is derived from multiple endogenous metabolism processes in an organism, including lipid oxidation, carbohydrate, and fatty acids catabolism. Gaseous metabolites and decomposition products from these processes are transported through the circulatory system and be discharged quickly via the lungs. Therefore, they may become potential non-invasive metabolic biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring pulmonary infectious diseases. The principle and common techniques of VOC detection, the collection method, the research status and problems of VOC in pulmonary infectious diseases are reviewed, and the VOC analysis method based on exhalation is prospected in this paper.