孕鼠胎盘组织中GLUT1表达与其胎鼠宫内发育迟缓的相关性及机制研究

目的探讨与研究孕鼠胎盘组织中葡萄糖转运蛋白1(GLUT1)表达与其胎鼠宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)的相关性及机制。方法孕鼠(n=24)按受孕顺序随机分为模型组和对照组,每组12只大鼠。对照组给予标准饲料(蛋白含量18%)喂养,模型组自妊娠第1 d起给予低蛋白饲料(蛋白含量6~8%)喂养。测定孕鼠胎盘组织中GLUT1表达情况。测定新生大鼠的体重、身长、胰腺重量及胰岛面积,并测定空腹血糖和糖负荷后30、60、120 min血糖值。记录胎鼠IUGR发生情况并进行相关性分析。结果模型组孕鼠的胎盘组织GLUT1相对表达水平为0.78±0.11,显著低于对照组孕鼠(2.47±0.13),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。模型组新生大鼠的体重、身长、胰腺重量及胰岛面积为(5.67±0.18)g、(4.65±0.24)cm、(17.33±1.48)mg、(9873.29±347.02)μm²,均显著低于对照组新生大鼠[(6.87±0.22)g、(6.27±0.17)cm、(20.93±1.38)mg、(17898.92±2452.01)μm²],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。模型组新生大鼠的空腹血糖和糖负荷后30、60、120 min血糖值为(4.29±0.22)、(8.87±0.13)、(6.87±0.21)、(5.66±0.22)mmol/L,均显著高于对照组新生大鼠[(3.22±0.13)、(6.28±0.33)、(4.28±0.11)、(3.78±0.18)mmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson分析显示孕鼠胎盘组织GLUT1相对表达水平与新生大鼠体重、身长呈正相关(r=0.567,0.655,P<0.05)。结论孕期营养不良可导致孕鼠胎盘组织中GLUT1表达下降,也可诱发胎鼠IUGR的发生与血糖分泌紊乱,孕鼠胎盘组织中GLUT1表达与其胎鼠IUGR存在相关性。

Study on the correlation and mechanism between the expression of GLUT1 in the placenta of pregnant mice and its intrauterine growth retardation.

Objective To investigate and study the correlation and mechanism of glucose transporter 1(GLUT1)expression in placenta tissue of pregnant rats and its intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR).Methods Pregnant rats(n=24)were randomly divided into model group and control group accorded to the order of conception-each group of 12 rats,the control group were fed with standard feed(protein content 18%),and the model group were given low level protein feed(protein content 6%-8%)from the 1st day of pregnancy.All the pregnant rats were detected the expression of GLUT1 in the placental tissue,recorded the occurrence of IUGR in fetal rats and given correlation analysis.Results The relative expression level of GLUT1 in the placenta tissue of pregnant rats in the model group was 0.78±0.11,which was significantly lower than that of pregnant rats in the control group(2.47±0.13),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The weight,length,pancreas weight and islet area of the newborn rats in the model group were(5.67±0.18)g,(4.65±0.24)cm,(17.33±1.48)mg,and(9873.29±347.02)μm²,which were significantly lower than those of newborn rats in the control group[(6.87±0.22)g,(6.27±0.17)cm,(20.93±1.38)mg,(17898.92±2452.01)μm²],the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The fasting blood glucose and the blood glucose values of 30,60 and 120 min after the sugar load of newborn rats in the model group were(4.29±0.22),(8.87±0.13),(6.87±0.21),(5.66±0.22)mmol/L,which were significant higher than those of neonatal rats in the control group[(3.22±0.13),(6.28±0.33),(4.28±0.11),(3.78±0.18)mmol/L],the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Pearson analysis showed that the relative expression level of GLUT1 in placenta tissue of pregnant rats were correlated with the weight and length of newborn rats(P<0.05).Conclusion Malnutrition during pregnancy can lead to decrease in the expression of GLUT1 in the placental tissue of pregnant rats,and it can also induce the occurrence of IUGR in fetal rats and the disorder of blood glucose secretion.There are correlation between the expression of GLUT1 in the placental tissue of pregnant rats and the IUGR of fetal rats.