2010—2019年天水市腹泻症候群病例监测结果分析

目的 了解天水市腹泻症候群病例的病原构成和流行特征。 方法 采集2010年7月—2019年7月天水市2所哨点医院门诊、急诊就诊的腹泻患者粪便标本,依据科技重大专项传染病监测技术平台项目 《腹泻症候群监测技术方案》要求进行监测,对结果进行统计分析。 结果 2010 年7月—2019年7月,共监测腹泻症候群病例750例,其中男性477例(占63.60%),女性273例(占36.40%);职业以散居儿童为主,占59.33%(445/750);共采样750份,粪便形状以水样便为主,占66.13%(496/750)。标本中共检出病毒105份,检出率14.00%(105/750),其中检出率最高者是诺如病毒39份(5.20%);检出细菌33份,检出率4.40%(33/750),其中检出最高者是致泻性大肠埃希菌20份(2.67%);有2份标本细菌和病毒同时监测阳性;细菌检出集中在7月和8月,病毒相对集中在1、10、11和12月。 结论 2010—2019年天水市腹泻症候群病例监测的主要病原体为诺如病毒和致泻性大肠埃希菌,婴幼儿高发,建议要密切关注儿童,根据优势病原和高发月份,采取针对性防控措施。

Surveillance results of diarrhea syndrome cases in Tianshui City, 2010-2019

Objective To understand the pathogen composition and epidemic characteristics of diarrhea syndrome cases in Tianshui City. Methods Stool specimens of diarrhea patients from the outpatient and emergency departments of two sentinel hospitals in Tianshui City from July 2010 to July 2019 were collected, and then monitored in accordance with the requirements of scientific and technological special project in infectious disease monitoring technology platform “Technical Programme for Surveillance of Diarrhoeal Disease Syndromes”. The results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 750 cases of diarrhea syndrome were monitored from July 2010 to July 2019, including 477(63.60%) male cases and 273(36.40%) female cases. The occupations of the cases were mainly scattered children, accounting for 59.33%(445/750). A total of 750 specimens were sampled, with fecal-shaped water samples mainly, accounting for 66.13%(496/750). Viruses were detected in 105 specimens, with a detection rate of 14.00%(105/750). Among them, the highest detection rate was norovirus 39(5.20%). Bacteria were detected in 33 specimens, with a detection rate of 4.40%(33/750). Among them, the detection of diarrheal Escherichia coli was the highest(2.67%, 20/750). 2 samples were tested positive for bacteria and viruses at the same time. The detection of bacteria was concentrated in July and August, while the viruses were relatively concentrated in January, October, November and December. Conclusion The main pathogens monitored in the cases of diarrhea syndrome in Tianshui City from 2010 to 2019 were norovirus and diarrheal Escherichia coli, which caused a high incidence in infants and young children. It is recommended to closely focus on children and take targeted prevention and control measures according to the dominant pathogen and the month of high incidence.