邛崃市免费体检老年人群心血管病危险因素流行与聚集情况分析

目的 分析邛崃市基本公共卫生服务项目免费服务的65岁及以上老年人主要心血管病危险因素及其聚集情况,为促进老年人健康提供依据。 方法 利用2020年邛崃市基本公共卫生服务项目中65岁及以上老年人体检数据,采用χ²检验或χ²_趋势检验分析人群心血管病危险因素的流行情况,应用二元logistic回归分析不同人口社会学特征人群心血管病危险因素聚集情况。 结果 有96.00%的老年人具有1项及以上心血管病危险因素,心血管病危险因素聚集3项及以上占53.77%。单项心血管病危险因素的首位是高血压,患病率为64.51%,不同年龄组、不同职业、不同医疗支付方式人群高血压患病率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001),以上3类人群中高血压患病率最高的分别是:75～岁组(68.19%),生产/运输/服务业人员(71.38%),商业/公费医疗人群(78.81%)。不同性别、不同职业、不同婚姻状况、不同医疗支付方式、不同年龄组人群3项及以上心血管病危险因素聚集风险差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),3项及以上心血管病危险因素聚集风险:男性是女性的1.479倍,生产/运输/服务业人员是脑力劳动者的1.582倍,离异人群是在婚人群1.539倍,城镇职工基本医疗保险和商业/公费医疗人群分别是贫困救助医疗人群的1.814倍和1.994倍,65～79岁组和80岁以上年龄组发生3项及以上心血管病危险因素聚集比例分别为55.09%、44.64%。 结论 邛崃市基本公共卫生服务项目服务的老年人心血管病危险因素流行及聚集暴露率较为严重,应通过项目对有重要人口社会学特征人群进行综合干预。

Prevalence and aggregation of cardiovascular disease risk factors in the elderly undergoing free physical examination in Qionglai City

Objective To analyze the major risk factors of cardiovascular disease and their aggregation in the elderly aged 65 years and above receiving free services from the basic public health service project in Qionglai City,and to provide a basis for promoting the health of the elderly. Methods Based on the data about physical examination of the elderly aged 65 years and above in the basic public health service project in Qionglai City in 2020. Chi-square test or chi-square test for trend was employed to analyze the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in populations. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in populations with different demographic and social characteristics. Results There were 96. 00% of the elderly with one or more risk factors for cardiovascular disease and 53. 77% of the elderly with aggregation of three or more than risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The first risk factor of single cardiovascular disease was hypertension,with a prevalence rate of 64.51%. Statistically significant differences existed in the prevalence rate of hypertension among populations with different ages,occupations and medical payment methods( all P < 0.001). Among the above-mentioned three kinds of populations,the prevalence rate of hypertension was found to be the highest in the age group of 75 years and above( 68.19%),workers specializing in production/transportation/service industry( 71.38%),and population with commercial/public medical insurance( 78.81%). There were statistically significant differences in the aggregation risk of ≥3 cardiovascular disease risk factors among populations with different genders,occupations,marital status,medical payment methods,and ages( all P <0. 05). As for the aggregation risk of ≥3 cardiovascular disease risk factors,the risk of males was 1.479 times that of females,the risk of production/transportation/service industry workers was 1. 582 times that of mental workers,the risk of the divorced population was 1.539 times that of the married population,and the risks of urban employees with basic medical insurance and populations with commercial/public medical insurance were 1. 814 times and 1. 994 times that of poverty population with relief medical care,respectively. The proportions of aggregation of ≥3 cardiovascular disease risk factors in the age groups of 65-79 years and 80 years and above were 55.09% and 44.64%,respectively. Conclusion The prevalence and aggregation exposure of cardiovascular disease risk factors were serious in the elderly receiving services from the basic public health service project in Qionglai City. Comprehensive intervention projects should be conducted on population with important socio-demographic characteristics.