胺碘酮与氯沙坦、培哚普利联合治疗阵发性心房颤动的前瞻、随机开放研究

目的 评价氯沙坦和培哚普利与小剂量胺碘酮联合治疗心功能正常的阵发性心房颤动（房颤）维持窦性心律的长期疗效.方法 将181例阵发性房颤随机分为胺碘酮组（Ⅰ组,n=61）、胺碘酮＋氯沙坦组（Ⅱ组,n=59）,胺碘酮＋培哚普利组（Ⅲ组,n=61）,治疗随访时间为2年,研究的一级终点为房颤复发.比较三个组治疗后的窦性心律维持率以及治疗前、治疗后6、12、18和24个月的左心房内径.结果 治疗12个月后,Ⅰ组左心房内径大于Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组（P＜0.05）.治疗7个月后,Ⅰ组窦性心律的维持率明显低于Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组（P＜0.05）,而Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组间差异无统计学意义.试验终点时,Ⅰ组的窦性心律维持率为59.01%,Ⅱ组为83.05%,Ⅲ组为80.33%（P＜0.05）.Ⅲ组刺激性干咳的发生率明显高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组,而持续性窦性心动过缓和QT间期≥0.5 s的发生率三组间差异无统计学意义.结论 胺碘酮分别与氯沙坦和培哚普利联合治疗阵发性房颤,维持窦性心律的疗效间差异无统计学意义,但优于单用胺碘酮,并能抑制左心房的扩大.

Long-term clinical efficacy of losartan or perindopril combination therapy with low-dose amiodarone in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of perindopril or losartan in combination with low-dose amiodarone on maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with idiopathic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). METHODS: One hundred and eighty-one patients with idiopathic PAF were included in the study and randomly divided into three groups: group 1 (amiodarone group, n = 61) was treated with amiodarone alone, group 2 (amiodarone plus losartan, n = 59) was treated with amiodarone and perindopril in combination, and group 3 (amiodarone plus perindopril group, n = 61) was treated with amiodarone and perindopril in combination. The left atrial diameter (LAD) was measured with transthoracic echocardiogram at before and after 6, 12, 18 and 24-month of treatment. The duration of observation was up to two years and the primary end point of the study was the first recurrence of AF. RESULTS: During the 6 month following up, there was no difference in LAD among the three groups. After 12 months, LAD in group 1 was significantly larger than group 2 and group 3 (P < 0.05). At 7th-month, the sinus rhythm maintenance of group 1 was lower significantly than group 2 and group 3. At the end of the study, the maintenance of sinus rhythm in group 2 and group 3 was higher significantly than in group 1 (83.05% and 80.33% vs 59.01%, P < 0.05), nevertheless, there was no significant difference between group 2 and group 3. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that the combination of amiodarone with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor perindopril or with angiotensinIIreceptor antagonist losartan are more effective than amiodarone alone in sinus rhythm maintenance for idiopathic PAF. ACEI and ARB can inhibit the enlargement of left atrium and reduce recurrence rate in patients with idiopathic PAF.