糖原合酶激酶-3β信号分子在心肌肥厚中的作用

Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is a serine/threonine protein kinase, which takes part not only in glycogen metabolism, but also in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. GSK-3β is inhibited by growth factors and hypertrophic stimuli through phosphorylation of its N-terminal end serine (Ser9) residue. It is also activated by phosphorylation of its tyrosine (Tyr216) residue. GSK-3β is profoundly inactivated in mice with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and plays a secondary role in myosin heavy chain mutation. However, the role of GSK-3β in HCM was controversial. Recent studies have demonstrated that the activation of GSK-3β inhibits the myocardial hypertrophy, and is regulated by Wnt/Frizzld and PI3-K/Akt signaling pathways. This article introduces the molecular role of glycogen synthase kinase-3β signaling in myocardial hypertrophy and the different pathways on the activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β)