乌鲁木齐市2011年呼吸道感染患儿病原检测分析

目的了解2011年乌鲁木齐地区小儿呼吸道感染中,肺炎支原体,沙眼衣原体,呼吸道合胞病毒,腺病毒,甲型流感病毒,乙型流感病毒,副流感病毒1、2和3型,Q热立克次体,嗜肺军团菌的感染情况。方法对2011年1月～12月在新疆自治区人民医院门诊、病房诊断为呼吸道感染的患儿1 026例,采用间接免疫荧光法,测定患儿血清中上述9种病原特异性IgM抗体。采用EXECL2003和SPSS13.0软件,分析9种病原体感染在小儿呼吸道感染者中的年龄、性别、民族等方面的分布情况以及感染发生的季节特点。结果1 026例呼吸道感染患儿中,九种病原特异性IgM抗体总阳性率为39.5%（405/1 026）,肺炎支原体为31.0%（318/1 026）,沙眼衣原体为0.2%（2/1 026）,呼吸道合胞病毒为4.7%（48/1 026）,腺病毒为1.4%（14/1 026）,甲型流感病毒为0.3%（3/1 026）,乙型流感病毒为2.6%（27/1 026）,副流感病毒1型、2型和3型为4.5%（46/1 026）,Q热立克次体为0.0%（/1 026）,嗜肺军团菌为4.2%（43/1 026）。肺炎支原体IgM抗体阳性率明显高于其它病原体（χ2=1 527.967,P〈0.01）。9种病原总检出率秋冬季高于春夏季（χ2=12.184,P〈0.01）。3岁以上儿童组肺炎支原体检出率明显高于其它年龄组（χ2=57.923,P〈0.01）。结论乌鲁木齐地区小儿呼吸道感染者中,肺炎支原体感染达31.0%,尤其以3岁以上儿童多见;其次为呼吸道合胞病毒感染占4.7%,而副流感病毒1、2、3型感染率为4.5%。呼吸道感染患儿中九种病原体检出率秋冬季高于春夏季。

Analysis of nine pathogens in children with respiratory tract infections in Wulumuqi in 2011

Objectives To understand the incidences of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae（MP）,Chlamydia Pneumoniae（CP）,Respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）,Adenovirus（ADV）,Influenza virus A（IVA）,Influenza virus B（IVB）,Parainfluenza virus 1、2、3（PIV 1、2、3）,Coxiella burneti（CB）,Legionella pneumophila（LP） in children with respiratory tract infections in Wulumuqi in 2011.Methods Inmunofluorescence were used to detect the IgM of the nine pathogens in 1 026 children with respiratory tract infections which were obtained from the People’s hospital of Xinjiang Province between January to December in 2011,EXECL2003 and SPSS13.0 were used to analyze the incidence of the nine pathogens.Results Pathogens were identified in 405 cases（39.5%）,MP 31.0%,CP 0.2%,RSV 4.7%,ADV 1.4%,IVA 0.3%,IVB 2.6%,PIV 4.5%,CB 0,LP 4.2%.The detection rate of MP is higher than the other pathogens（χ2=1527.967,P〈0.01）.The detection rate of pathogens in autumn and winter was higher than spring and summer（χ2=12.184,P〈0.01）.The detection rate of MP in children over three years old was higher than the younger（χ2=57.923,P〈0.01）.Conclusions The highest detection rate in children with respiratory tract infections is MP（31.0%）,especially in children over three years old,following by RSV（4.7%） and PIV1,2,3（4.5%）.The detection rate of pathogens in autumn and winter is higher than spring and summer.