乳腺疾病高危人群乳腺癌认知度与乳腺自检现状调查及相关性研究

目的 对乳腺疾病高危人群乳腺癌认知度与乳腺自检现状进行分析,为乳腺癌防治工作提供依据。方法 以2018年6月至2019年5月在郑州市某医院进行乳腺X线检查的疑有乳腺疾病就诊者进行问卷调查,调查内容包括研究对象一般情况、乳腺癌认知度及乳腺自检情况,分析该人群乳腺癌认知度及自检现况,并对认知度及自检现状的各部分得分进行相关分析。结果 本研究共对郑州市乳腺X线检查的乳腺疾病高危人群390例进行调查,该人群年龄18~65岁,居住地为城镇209例(占53.6%),高中及以上文化程度221例(占56.7%),已婚(有配偶)349例(占89.5%),有生育史338例(占86.7%)。乳腺疾病高危人群乳腺癌认知度总分为(88.76 ± 8.40)分,乳腺自检总分为(18.26 ± 2.11),均处于中等水平。36~45岁、文化程度高中及以上、机关团体工作者、居住地为城镇、已婚的研究对象乳腺癌认知总分及乳腺自检总分更高(均P<0.01)。Pearson相关分析提示乳腺自检状况与乳腺癌认知度呈正相关(均P<0.05)。结论 郑州市乳腺疾病高危人群乳腺癌认知度与乳腺自检现状有待提高,该人群乳腺自检现状与乳腺癌认知度呈正相关,相关部门应采取针对性干预措施提高乳腺癌认知度,改善乳腺自检现状,有利于预防和及早发现乳腺癌。

Breast cancer awareness and breast self-examination in high risk population with breast disease

Objective To analyze the breast cancer awareness and breast self-examination status in high-risk populations with breast disease,so as to provide a basis for prevention and treatment of breast cancer.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among patients with suspected breast diseases who had mammography in a hospital in Zhengzhou from June 2018 to May 2019.The survey contents included the general situation of the participants,breast cancer awareness and breast self-examination.The status of breast cancer awareness and self-examination of the group were analyzed,and the correlation analysis of the scores of each part of the awareness and self-examination status were conducted.Results A total of 390 breast cancer patients at high risk by mammography were investigated in Zhengzhou.They were 18 to 65 years old.Of all the cases,209(53.6%)were urban residents,221(56.7%)had high school education or above,349(89.5%)were married(with spouse),and 338(86.7%)had childbearing history.The total score of breast cancer awareness in high-risk breast cancer patients was(88.76±8.40)and the total score of breast self-examination was(18.26 ±2.11),both of which were at medium levels.The subjects aged 36 to 45 years,with high school education or above,working,living in urban area,and married had higher total breast cancer cognitive scores and total breast self-examination scores(all P<0.01).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the status of breast self-examination was positively correlated with breast cancer awareness(all P<0.05).Conclusion The status of breast cancer awareness and self-examination were not optimistic,and the status of breast self-examination was positively correlated with the awareness of breast cancer.Targeted interventions should be taken to improve the awareness of breast cancer and the status of breast self-examination for early detection of breast cancer.