2008-2012年鄂州市城区学龄前儿童视力不良状况分析

目的 了解鄂州市城区学龄前儿童的视力不良状况,为制订切实可行的眼保健措施提供可靠科学依据。方法 2008-2012年对城区4所幼儿园的3～6岁儿童视力筛查资料进行整理和回顾性统计分析。结果 学龄前儿童视力不良检出率为14.1%,2008-2012年检出率分别为16.6%、14.6%、13.9%、14.0%、12.2%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=144.9,P＜0.01)。3～6岁各年龄组视力不良检出率分别为17.0%、14.6%、12.3%、12.2%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=42.7,P＜0.01)。视力不良儿童屈光状态以远视最多(占75.0%),其次为混合散光(占19.7%),近视 (占5.2%)最少,差异有统计学意义(χ²=2 442.3,P＜0.01)。结论 学龄前儿童视力不良问题不容乐观,家长、老师应重视儿童视力发育过程中出现的问题,各级医疗保健机构应加强对儿童的视力保健工作。

Analysis of the status of poor eyesight in pre-school children in Ezhou city from 2008-2012

Objective To find out the status of preschool children poor eyesight in Ezhou city and provide a scientific basis for protecting eyesight. Method Eyesight data of 3~6 years old children from 4 kindergartens of the urban area were examined and analyzed. Results The poor eyesight occurrence rates were 16.6%,14.6%,13.9%,14.0% and 12.2% from 2008-2012,respectively,with the average of 14.1%.There were significant differences among years (χ²=144.9,P＜0.01).The poor sight occurrence rates were 17.0%,14.6%,12.3%,12.2% from 3~6 years old children,respectively.There were also significant differences among age groups (χ²=42.7,P＜0.01).The major cause for ametropiais was hyperopia (75.0%),followed by mixed astigmatism (19.7%) and myopia (5.2%).There were significant differences (χ²=2 442.3,P＜0.01). Conclusions The poor eyesight occurrence is high enough to be concerned with.Parents and teachers should pay attention to the problem of eyesight development of preschool children.Care service hospitals at all levels should strengthen the eyesight care for preschool children.