锁胸部扩张皮瓣与逆行皮瓣联合修复烧伤后颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形

目的探讨采用锁胸部扩张皮瓣与逆行皮瓣联合修复烧伤后颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形的方法及临床意义。方法2001年4月~2003年5月,收治16例颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形患者。其中男10例,女6例,年龄4~52岁。病程6个月~17年。伴有不同程度颈部活动障碍和面部组织牵拉,牵拉部位包括下唇、口角、鼻翼以及眼部组织等。一期手术在颈横动脉颈段皮支和胸廓内动脉第2、3穿支部位埋置扩张器,定期注水。二期手术彻底松解或切除颈部瘢痕,纠正挛缩畸形,锁胸部扩张皮瓣与胸廓内动脉穿支逆行皮瓣修复颈部创面,皮瓣切取范围为9cm×5cm~15cm×7cm。结果术中1例出现胸廓内动脉穿支逆行皮瓣静脉回流障碍,经对症处理后皮瓣血运改善。术后16例皮瓣均成活。获随访6~30个月,平均9个月。颈部后仰45°,侧屈旋转自如,外观改善满意,颏颈角明显,无下唇牵拉和乳头移位等。结论采用锁胸部扩张皮瓣与胸廓内动脉穿支逆行皮瓣联合修复颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形具有较好的临床效果,后期瘢痕少,发生再次挛缩的可能性减少。

EXPANDED CLAVIPECTORAL SKIN FLAP COMBINED WITH REVERSE AXIS SKIN FLAP IN REPAIRING CERVICAL SCAR CONTRACTURE DEFORMITY AFTER BURN

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a combined cervical expanded skin flap in repairing cervical scar contracture deformity after burn injury. METHODS: From April 2001 to May 2003, 16 cases (10 males and 6 females) of scar contracture deformity in the cervix were treated with expanded clavipectoral axis skin flap combined with reverse axis skin flap. The tissue expanders were embedded under the part containing cutaneous branches of transverse cervical artery in cervical segments and the second and/or the third perforating branch of internal thoracic artery for the first operation. Normal saline was injected regularly. The expanded clavipectoral skin flap and reverse axis skin flap with perforating branch of internal thoracic artery were designed, the scar in the cevix was loosed or dissected according to the size of the skin flaps, the skin flaps were transferred to cover the wound, and the contracture deformity in the cervix was corrected. The size of the flaps were 9 cm x 5 cm-15 cm x 7 cm. RESULTS: All skin flap survived. The function and appearance of the cervix was improved significantly after 6-30 months follow-up. However, venous return dysfunction in reverse perforating branch of internal thoracic artery occurred in 1 case, and blood circulation was improved after treatment. CONCLUSION: Expanded clavipectoral axis skin flap combined with reverse axis skin flap can be used to repair scar contracture deformity in cervix, which lessen scar and abate the chance to contract again.