脑血管病失语症听觉理解障碍的研究

目的　听觉理解障碍是脑血管病失语症的常见症状，分析听觉理解各个过程的特点，对于汉语失语症的分类、比较东西方失语症的异同、探索语言在脑内加工过程的神经机制及言语康复具有一定意义。方法　采用汉语失语检查法和听觉理解补充检查法，并结合CT、MRI技术，对不同类型汉语失语症听觉理解障碍各个过程的特点进行比较系统的研究。结果与结论　①失语类型不同，听觉理解在各个层级受损程度也不同；②不同类型失语都存在音素辨别的损害或保留；③在词的理解上，多数失语存在程度不等的困难等级，皮质下失语无此特性，与英语失语症有一定的差别；④各种失语对被动句理解比主动句更困难；⑤各组失语中篇章理解损害均较重。

Study on the auditorycomprehension impairments of Chinese aphasics in cerebrovascular diseases

ObjectiveImpairment in auditory comprehension is one of the most common clinical symptoms of aphasia. Analysing the features of Chinese aphasics in auditory comprehension might be valueable to classify the types of aphasia, distinguish the difference between the Western aphasics and Chinese aphasics, and find out the neural mechanisms in the language processes in the brain. MethodsThe Standardized Aphasia Battery in Chinese and Additional Test of Auditory Comprehension were utilized, and the cerebral lesion of each case was demonstrated by CT scan or MRI. Results and Conclusions 1.Different types of aphasia indicate different damage grades in auditory comprehension impairment at each stage. 2. Posterior apasia and mixed aphasia indicate damages in the phonemic discrimination abilities. There are phonemic discrimination abilities preserved in Anterior aphasia and subcortical aphasia. 3. Anterior aphasia, posterior aphasia and mixed aphasia are at a different difficulty grades for lexical comprehension, especially for the discrimination to body parts. Subcortical aphasia doesn't demonstrate this feature that might be the characteristic in Chinese aphasics different from English aphasics. 4. The comprehension of the passive sentences is more difficult than that of the active sentences for all types of aphasics . 5. The damages are all severe in the story comprehension for all types of aphasics.