高功能孤独症与Asperger综合症患儿行为问题的比较研究

目的 分析比较学龄期高功能孤独症(high functioning autism,HFA)与Asperger综合症(As-perger syndrome,AS)患儿行为问题.方法 应用Achenbach儿童行为量表(Child Behaviour Checklist,CBCL)对20例HFA儿童、25例AS儿童和27例正常儿童行为问题进行调查和比较;通过多元回归分析HFA组和AS组行为问题各因子与年龄关系.结果 (1)HFA组和AS组行为问题各因子分均高于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.05);(2)HFA组学习能力[(1.96±1.08)分]低于AS组学习能力[(3.13±1.07)分].差异有显著性(P<0.05);(3)HFA组与AS组体诉、交往不良和违纪行为与年龄均有线性回归关系,随年龄的增长而增多,增多的相对程度不同.结论 考虑年龄因素,学龄期HFA儿童和AS儿童行为问题存在差异性,支持AS是广泛性发育障碍的一个独立亚群的观点.

Comparative research of behavior problems between high functioning autism children and Asperger syndrome children

Objective To analyze and compare behavior problems of school aged children between high functioning autism(HFA) and Asperger syndrome(AS). Methods Using the Child Behaviour Checklist(CBCL) to investigate and compare behavior problems of 20 children with HFA,25 children with AS and 27 matched con-trois,and to analyze the relation of behavior problems and age in children with HFA and AS by linear regression. Results (1) Compared with the control group,behavior problems in both HFA group and AS group had a signifi-cant differenee(P<0.05). (2)Compared with the HFA group, scores of learning ability in AS group had a signifi-cant increase [(1.96±1.08) vs (3.13±1.07 ), P<0.05]. (3) There was linear regressive relation between age and the scores of behavior problems such as uncomfortable describing in body, associating disability, violating disci-pline in both HFA and AS group. With the increasing of age, these behavior problems increased, but their increas-ing relative degree was different. Conclusion There are some difference in behavior problems of school age chil-dren between HFA and AS, which supported a view AS is an independent subgroup in pervasive developmental dis-orders. The difference need to be considered in behavioral intervention of children with HFA and AS.