绝经后妇女尿失禁患病率及相关因素

目的研究北京市4个中心城区老年妇女尿失禁及泌尿道萎缩症状的患病情况并分析尿失禁的相关因素.方法通过分层多级整群抽样,对北京市4个中心城区的1 257名60岁及以上绝经后妇女进行各种下泌尿道症状及治疗情况的问卷调查及临床检查,计算各种泌尿道症状患病率,Logistic回归方法分析尿失禁的相关因素.结果绝经后妇女总的尿失禁患病率为61.0%,其中以张力性尿失禁所占比例最高(64.5%);夜尿频患病率66.8%.张力性尿失禁发病与肥胖、受教育年限长,长时间站立、弯腰或下蹲能力差有关,而握力大可减少张力性尿失禁发病;急迫性尿失禁发病与肥胖有关,而受教育年限长、握力大可减少急迫性尿失禁发病.结论北京市4个中心城区60岁及以上绝经后妇女尿失禁症状患病率高于以往文献报道,肥胖和肌肉力量与尿失禁有关.

Prevalence and related factors of urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women

Objective To investigate the prevalence of urinary tract atrophy and related factors to urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women in the urban area of Beijing. Methods Subjects were selected from 4 central districts in Beijing with a multiple-stage randomly sampling procedure. A total of 1 257 postmenopausal women aged 60 years or over received interviews on lower urinary tract symptoms and physical examinations. The prevalences of different urinary tract symptoms were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was used to find the related factors of urinary incontinence. Results The prevalence of urinary incontinence of postmenopausal women was 61.0%. Stress urinary incontinence had the highest prevalence (64.5%). While the prevalence of nocturia was 66.8%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that stress urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women was associated with the following factors: obesity, long education years, long-time standing, and low ability of bending or squatting. High grip strength might reduce the risk of urinary stress incontinence. Urge incontinence was associated with obesity, while higher education and high grip strength might reduce the risk of urge incontinence. Conclusions Incontinence is very common in postmenopausal women. The prevalence in this study is even higher than that in other reports. Obesity and muscle strength are related to the prevalence of urinary incontinence in subjects over 60 in Beijing.