严重角膜溃疡患者133例的流行病学及临床特点分析

目的：探讨严重角膜溃疡患者的流行病学及临床特点。

方法：选取2010-06/2013-12因严重角膜溃疡就诊中南大学湘雅医院眼科住院治疗的133例患者的临床资料，对其发病诱因、人群特征、诊断等进行回顾性分析。

结果：所有患者中男性91例(68.4%)，41～60岁男性82例(44.4%)，从事劳力工作者，农民居多，共77例(57.9%)，文化程度偏低，初中以下学历共113例(85.0%)，既往全身及眼部情况合并其他疾病者共73例(54.9%)，每年1月为就诊高峰期(34.6%)，平均住院日9.84d，急诊入院患者44例(33.1%)，角膜溃疡合并前房积脓或穿孔共92例(69.2%)，手术治疗102例(76.7%)，其中羊膜移植类31例(39.2%)，不同分析中可见男女性别差异。

结论：我院严重角膜溃疡患者多为居住条件较差的男性农民，其发病及治疗与病情严重程度、外伤史、诊疗意识相关。

Epidemiology and clinical analysis of serious corneal ulcer in 133 cases

AIM:To investigate and analyze the epidemiology of serious corneal ulcer.

METHODS: A total of 133 serious corneal ulcercases from June 2010 to December 2013 in Xiangya Hospital Affiliated to Central South University were retrospectively reviewed for risk factors, demographic characteristics and diagnosis.

RESULTS: There were 91 male patients(68.4%)in the 133 patients. A peak incidence age was from 41 to 60 years old(82 cases, 44.4%). Most of patients were peasant(77 cases, 57.9%)and the percentage of the low schooling patients was 85.0%(113 cases). The number of patients who had been sick was 73 before hospitalization(54.9%)in all cases. The peak incidence season was January(34.6%). Average length of stay was 9.84d. The number of emergency cases was 44(33.1%). Most of patient were not only corneal ulcer cases but the hypopyon(92 cases, 69.2%). The figure of inpatients who received operations was 102 cases(76.7%). And the most of operations was amniotic membrane transplantation(31 cases, 39.2%). Additionally, this data was classified regard to gender differences.

CONCLUSION: The peasant of the middle age and elderly represents a distinct clinical group in the serious corneal ulcer in hospital. Severity, ocular trauma in agriculture and health awareness are the major predisposing factors.