以需求为导向的大众营养健康教育实施效果评价

目的评价以大众营养健康教育需求为导向开展的营养健康教育效果,为有效开展大众营养健康教育进行有益探索。方法以分层随机抽样方法抽取不同层次的调查对象,了解大众营养知识需求,并根据调查结果设计健康教育内容及教育效果干预前后评价问卷,进行健康教育干预。结果健康教育干预后吃鱼有益健康、鸡蛋含胆固醇高、可补铁食物、可补钙食物、吃粗粮与脚气病的关系、可补锌食物6个知识点差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。营养对健康的重要性、希望得到营养师指导2个态度干预前后差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。搭配营养、调整晚餐2个行为干预前后差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为77.93和10.97,P<0.01)。自愿参与率达到96.0%,满意率达到99.6%。结论开展以需求为导向的营养健康教育效果显著,值得推广。

Effect evaluation on nutritional health education based on public need

Objective To evaluate the effectivess of nutrition health education based on public need assessment, and explore the effective strategy for public nutritional health education. Methods By stratified random sampling method, participants were enrolled to investigate the general demand on nutrition knowledge. According to the baseline survey re- sults, health education information and evaluation questionnaire were designed and health education intervention activities were carried out. Results After health education intervention, the awareness rates of ＂fish healthy, eggs containning high cholesterol and beriberi＂ and ＂don＇ t eat coarse grains＂, common iron, calcium, zinc had statistically significance （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Four nutrition attitudes were changed, and changes of attitudes to importance of nutrition, guidance from nu- trition specialist （P 〈 0. 01 ） had significant difference. Two nutrition behaviors were adjusted, behavior of diet nutrition （ X2 = 77.93, P 〈 0.01 ） and adjusting dinner （ X2 = 10. 97, P 〈 0. 01 ） have statistical significance. After intervention, voluntary participation rate was arrived at 96.0%, satisfaction rate was arrived at 99.6%. Conclusion Remarkable effects are gained by nutritional health education based on public demand and it should be developed and popularized.